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Browsing Environmental health by Issue Date
Now showing items 1-20 of 298
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Identification and characterization of elements regulating the expression of the phenobarbital-inducible CYP2B1 and CYP2B2 genes
(1996)Phenobarbital (PB) is the prototype for a class of agents that produce marked induction in the genetic expression of a variety of metabolic enzymes in many species. One of the consequences of this induction is a change in ... -
Developmental toxicity of alkylating agents in differentiating cell cultures
(1996)Alkylating agents are well known carcinogens and teratogens. Highest exposures occur in occupational settings, although other lifestyle factors also contribute to exposure. The four alkylating agents used in this study ... -
Phenobarbital mediated induction of the cytochrome P450 2B genes: mechanistic investigations
(1998)The cytochrome P450 monooxygenases play a fascinating role as determinants of toxicity stemming from endogenous and foreign chemical exposure. In addition, certain natural and anthropogenic compounds, such as those present ... -
Effects of ethanol on muscarinic receptor-induced responses in astroglia
(1999)A major and irreversible effect seen in the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is microencephaly. The mechanism(s) underlying this effect remains unknown. Data from our laboratory demonstrate that ethanol inhibits muscarinic-induced ... -
Activation of glutamate-cysteine ligase in lymphocytes
(2000)Lymphocytes are normally quiescent cells that react to receptor-based signals by developing into functional effector cells that orchestrate immune responses. In their resting state, lymphocytes are highly susceptible to ... -
Global positioning system (GPS) tracking to characterize children's exposure to pesticides
(2004)This dissertation documents the dynamic interaction between moving human receptors (children) and transient peaks in drifted pesticides proximal to treated fields. Validation of a novel dGPS instrument (the GPS Personal ... -
Comparison of three methods of breath sampling for biological monitoring of volatile organic chemicals
(2004)This study compared three methods of breath sampling for assessment of exposure to volatile organic chemicals. Eleven healthy volunteers were exposed to four of these five chemicals: ethanol, acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone ... -
Cell cycle inhibition as a mode of abnormal development: the role of cell cycle checkpoint proteins and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in neurodevelopmental toxicant defense
(2005)Neurodevelopment is an intensively complex process involving the production and organization of over a trillion cells into regions with specialized functions. Patterning of these structures is orchestrated via signaling ... -
Respiratory infection control practices among healthcare workers in primary care and emergency department settings
(2006)This cross-sectional study used a self-administered questionnaire to survey healthcare workers (HCWs) at five medical centers, to evaluate reported use of CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) recommended ... -
Role of protein kinase C zeta in lipopolysaccharide-mediated nuclear factor kappa B aactivation [i.e. activation] and aactivity [i.e. activity] in kidney epithelial cells
(2006)NF-kappaB is a critical transcription factor that mediates cellular responses to invading pathogens. In the kidney, NF-kappaB's most important targets are the cytokines and chemokines, which regulate the scale of the ... -
Differential response and susceptibility to oxidative stress in mouse lung fibroblasts heterozygous for phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPx4)
(2006)Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPx4) is a member of the family of selenium dependent enzymes that catalyze the reduction of cell membrane-bound phospholipid hydroperoxides in situ and thus, protects ... -
Toward an Understanding of Children’s Exposure to Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds in the Indoor Environment
(University of Washington Graduate School, 2012)The prevalence of smoking has declined significantly from the middle of the last century in most developed nations. Since the mid-1990s however, the rates of decline have slowed and prevalence of smoking among young women ... -
Occupational determinants of chlorpyrifos adducts to plasma cholinesterase in chlorpyrifos exposed agricultural workers in Washington State
(University of Washington Graduate School, 2012)Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum chlorinated organophosphorus (OP) insecticide, acaricide, and miticide utilized around the world to control a variety of pests. It is primarily a non-systemic contact poison that interferes ... -
Outdoor Occupational History and Risk of Parkinson Disease: a Case-Control Study
(2013-02-25)Introduction: A role for antioxidants in prevention of Parkinson disease has been proposed, however, epidemiologic evidence supporting this assertion has been inconclusive. Ninety percent of vitamin D in adults is produced ... -
Integrating Biomarkers of Organophosphate Pesticides in an Agriculturally Exposed Population
(2013-02-25)Exposure biomonitoring of organophosphate (OP) pesticides is a common practice to protect the health of agricultural workers. However, few studies have examined the association between markers of exposure and cholinesterase ... -
Characterization of Work Practices and Ventilation Techniques in Shipyard Confined Space Welding
(2013-02-25)Despite abundant evidence for the adverse health effects associated with welding fume, shipyard welders continue to have exposures that routinely exceed safe limits. Welding in shipyards can be particularly hazardous due ... -
Control Banding Tools: Advanced Regulated Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals Tool and Agreement with Professional Judgment
(2013-02-25)One workplace risk assessment strategy that has emerged in recent years is control banding. This strategy has gained momentum within the safety and health community, especially in Europe, but many questions surrounding ... -
Night shift work and lung cancer among female textile workers in Shanghai, China
(2013-02-25)Background: In 2007, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified shift work that involves circadian disruption as a probable human carcinogen. Nighttime chronodisruption has been shown to decrease concentrations ... -
Childhood Blood Lead Levels and Associated Risk Factors in Vietnam
(2013-02-25)Childhood lead poisoning is one of the most carefully studied and documented environmental exposures worldwide. However, despite increased awareness that lead exposure can compromise health and that lead exposure is ... -
Biomonitoring of Wildland Firefighters: Analysis of Methoxyphenols as Viable Urinary Biomarkers of Wood Smoke Exposure
(2013-02-25)Occupational exposures to wood smoke can lead to a multitude of health effects, making it a pertinent issue of public health. Biomass in the form of wood smoke can lead to adverse health effects including respiratory ...