Campbell, A. J., E. D. Waddington, and S. G. Warren (2014), Refugium for surface life on Snowball Earth in a nearly enclosed sea? A numerical solution for sea-glacier invasion through a narrow strait, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 119, 2679–2690, doi:10.1002/2013JC009703.


Figure 3. (a) Solid contours represent penetration length-to-width ratio L/W as a function of net sublimation rate b and surface ice temperature Ts for a sea glacier with an entrance width of 0.3 times the channel width. 


sublimation rate -->,1,3.375,5.75,8.125,10.5,12.875,15.25,17.625,20
,4.2891,1.269,0.79443,0.5868,0.45587,0.37452,0.31718,0.27599,0.30087
,5.3339,1.584,1.0146,0.78057,0.61857,0.5134,0.43669,0.36787,0.32352
,6.5281,2.3264,1.2818,0.95058,0.79157,0.66457,0.57319,0.50648,0.43495
,7.8222,3.1509,1.9653,1.3129,1.0332,0.85848,0.74379,0.63378,0.56827
,9.1546,3.8279,2.4759,1.778,1.4104,1.0644,0.93522,0.80266,0.71929
,10.562,4.5058,3.1006,2.3252,1.7834,1.6501,1.1847,0.99474,0.90976
,12.037,5.2851,3.6367,2.8671,2.3161,1.8686,1.5824,1.319,1.144
,13.532,6.1234,4.2644,3.3387,2.7539,2.3604,2.0707,1.7687,1.5152
,15.04,6.9394,4.882,3.8759,3.2384,2.8374,2.6373,2.2332,1.9412
,16.482,7.8247,5.5705,4.4524,3.7616,3.2901,2.9398,2.6214,2.3754
,18.019,8.6973,6.295,5.0479,4.2835,3.7442,3.3307,2.9987,2.7351
,6.9987,2.8721,1.5434,1.1849,0.95052,0.79526,0.69666,0.62183,0.69681
,8.2989,3.5208,2.2106,1.4857,1.2265,1.0232,0.86925,0.76107,0.71302
,9.7074,4.2211,2.8674,2.221,1.7795,1.2723,1.118,0.98018,0.86264
,11.142,4.9946,3.4743,2.7004,2.2484,1.8918,1.4989,1.2431,1.078
,12.631,5.8067,4.1038,3.2482,2.7103,2.3578,2.0564,1.8559,1.4312
,14.115,6.6505,4.7672,3.7987,3.2144,2.7846,2.5001,2.2758,2.0974
,15.692,7.495,5.4417,4.3962,3.7736,3.2377,2.9057,2.6661,2.4928
,17.231,8.3795,6.1392,5.0042,4.2792,3.8494,3.3429,3.0649,2.8507
,18.779,9.2739,6.8662,5.6341,4.9182,4.3212,3.8843,3.516,3.2795
,20.349,10.195,7.5643,6.2611,5.4352,4.8484,4.3676,4.0043,3.7284
,21.899,11.102,8.3418,6.8909,6.0217,5.4118,4.9111,4.5626,4.1983
,9.1892,4.0244,2.7766,1.8352,1.5342,1.2896,1.0861,0.99607,0.9329
,10.603,4.8152,3.3229,2.6268,2.2464,1.7601,1.3916,1.2347,1.091
,12.071,5.5904,3.9424,3.1383,2.6423,2.3029,2.1191,1.8812,1.4068
,13.575,6.4285,4.6249,3.6979,3.1436,2.7456,2.4611,2.2411,1.9929
,15.105,7.2917,5.3129,4.3207,3.6634,3.2365,2.9113,2.6563,2.4554
,16.648,8.176,6.0104,4.9193,4.2781,3.7306,3.3969,3.1156,2.8877
,18.206,9.0765,6.7348,5.5533,4.8266,4.2281,3.8585,3.5703,3.3292
,19.767,9.9853,7.4704,6.2026,5.4188,4.8043,4.3349,4.0138,3.9562
,21.323,10.908,8.2206,6.8629,6.0019,5.3835,4.8985,4.5141,4.2384
,22.887,11.854,8.9752,7.5363,6.6271,5.9926,5.4969,5.0877,4.7732
,24.443,12.782,9.7429,8.2084,7.311,6.6556,5.9927,5.5969,5.271
,11.406,5.2989,3.7223,2.9757,2.4946,1.9417,1.7209,1.4707,1.298
,12.892,6.1119,4.3991,3.5152,2.9994,2.6036,2.3388,2.039,1.6924
,14.434,6.9742,5.0768,4.1799,3.4848,3.0874,2.7729,2.5408,2.3505
,15.999,7.8672,5.78,4.7288,4.0373,3.5781,3.231,3.0254,2.7433
,17.58,8.7757,6.5039,5.3748,4.6477,4.1069,3.72,3.4319,3.1898
,19.15,9.6959,7.2456,6.0491,5.227,4.678,4.2595,4.0471,3.646
,20.749,10.644,8.0135,6.7099,5.9763,5.2508,4.7921,4.4585,4.154
,22.336,11.574,8.7822,7.3659,6.5683,5.8346,5.3538,4.9732,4.6647
,23.899,12.537,9.5555,8.061,7.1092,6.4262,5.9078,5.5461,5.2097
,25.495,13.488,10.347,8.7618,7.7598,7.0415,6.4937,6.1024,5.7457
,27.053,14.449,11.15,9.4807,8.4264,7.6673,7.1193,6.6497,6.209
,12.671,6.0408,4.3488,3.5547,3.0725,2.6058,2.3448,1.8306,1.6649
,14.175,6.8682,5.0187,4.1266,3.5826,3.095,2.7804,2.5584,2.3274
,15.719,7.7483,5.7092,4.6832,4.0379,3.5995,3.2469,2.972,2.769
,17.274,8.6529,6.4283,5.3047,4.614,4.1057,3.7349,3.4379,3.1968
,18.841,9.5736,7.1745,5.9517,5.1906,4.6512,4.2452,3.985,3.6616
,20.417,10.506,7.9289,6.6298,5.8002,5.2176,4.7793,4.4324,4.1507
,22.003,11.445,8.6964,7.3038,6.4223,5.799,5.3352,4.9632,4.6581
,23.583,12.403,9.473,7.9947,7.0659,6.3924,5.8993,5.504,5.1787
,25.158,13.347,10.258,8.7003,7.7102,7.0101,6.4681,6.0455,5.6945
,26.728,14.309,11.078,9.4084,8.3645,7.6322,7.0548,6.598,6.2274
,28.283,15.26,11.881,10.124,9.0229,8.263,7.6477,7.163,6.7584
,13.735,6.6766,4.8841,3.9799,3.4228,3.0244,2.711,2.4933,2.2872
,15.236,7.5364,5.5979,4.5646,3.9427,3.5839,3.1766,2.967,2.7822
,16.76,8.4166,6.2711,5.1748,4.4948,4.0147,3.6529,3.3645,3.1359
,18.305,9.3325,7.0017,5.86,5.0675,4.5481,4.1542,3.8449,3.589
,19.865,10.251,7.7357,6.5275,5.6728,5.1036,4.6787,4.3441,4.0649
,21.427,11.167,8.4901,7.1386,6.2871,5.6784,5.2283,4.8613,4.5627
,22.988,12.108,9.2585,7.8196,6.9431,6.2755,5.787,5.3982,5.0819
,24.553,13.066,10.029,8.5141,7.5534,6.8776,6.362,5.9505,5.5928
,26.114,13.998,10.839,9.2174,8.1962,7.491,6.9461,6.4955,6.1098
,27.663,14.947,11.613,9.9298,8.8577,8.0986,7.5425,7.0649,6.7091
,29.208,15.905,12.417,10.649,9.5262,8.7329,8.1435,7.632,7.2444
,14.892,7.3932,5.4664,4.4957,3.8721,3.4428,3.1346,2.8966,2.7239
,16.389,8.2537,6.1541,5.1198,4.423,3.9448,3.587,3.406,3.1158
,17.913,9.1377,6.8715,5.7578,4.9943,4.4658,4.0685,3.7711,3.5712
,19.451,10.044,7.5935,6.3658,5.5735,5.0143,4.5907,4.2811,4.0438
,20.998,10.963,8.3382,7.0189,6.1819,5.6583,5.2352,4.8709,4.5164
,22.548,11.888,9.0919,7.6905,6.7959,6.1716,5.6831,5.2991,5.0309
,24.104,12.831,9.8587,8.3733,7.4397,6.7618,6.2492,5.8517,5.5349
,25.652,13.765,10.639,9.064,8.0739,7.3958,6.8345,6.4055,6.0448
,27.2,14.71,11.425,9.7652,8.7292,7.976,7.4052,6.973,6.6046
,28.739,15.659,12.275,10.481,9.3856,8.6069,8.0978,7.5267,7.1638
,30.271,16.611,13.029,11.2,10.049,9.2386,8.6439,8.0814,7.7311
,16.215,8.2509,6.1725,5.1275,4.4569,4.0101,3.6813,3.4119,3.1902
,17.703,9.1108,6.8624,5.7902,5.0135,4.4968,4.1518,3.8557,3.6167
,19.21,9.9904,7.5713,6.3723,5.5889,5.0388,4.6608,4.3473,4.1851
,20.73,10.883,8.3009,7.0058,6.2387,5.5944,5.2221,4.8454,4.5622
,22.259,11.816,9.0479,7.6838,6.8051,6.1696,5.7645,5.3928,5.0519
,23.786,12.733,9.8013,8.3285,7.4639,6.7564,6.2557,5.8577,5.5416
,25.32,13.645,10.561,9.012,8.1123,7.3527,6.8203,6.4146,6.068
,26.85,14.574,11.337,9.706,8.6935,8.0005,7.4072,6.9731,6.6111
,28.375,15.51,12.121,10.412,9.3421,8.5825,8.0026,7.5458,7.1681
,29.892,16.449,12.922,11.122,9.9944,9.2087,8.575,8.1282,7.7258
,31.405,17.39,13.723,11.847,10.67,9.8278,9.1825,8.7153,8.3068
,17.257,8.9608,6.7928,5.6603,4.9828,4.5114,4.1822,3.8182,3.6215
,18.741,9.8136,7.4528,6.2687,5.5624,5.0532,4.5857,4.2797,4.0215
,20.24,10.688,8.1624,6.8903,6.1153,5.6206,5.0969,4.7835,4.4908
,21.747,11.578,8.889,7.5499,6.7214,6.0817,5.6754,5.2658,4.9718
,23.265,12.499,9.6253,8.2065,7.2961,6.7128,6.198,5.7858,5.4735
,24.781,13.413,10.377,8.8669,7.9068,7.2324,6.7186,6.357,5.9862
,26.301,14.311,11.138,9.5489,8.6136,7.8269,7.2925,6.9215,6.4865
,27.816,15.249,11.909,10.234,9.1826,8.4353,7.868,7.5048,7.0605
,29.327,16.168,12.69,10.986,9.8378,9.1294,8.4567,8.0554,7.6134
,30.835,17.099,13.532,11.651,10.501,9.6802,9.0555,8.6403,8.127
,32.334,18.036,14.279,12.374,11.172,10.319,9.6629,9.1332,8.7637
,17.953,9.4446,7.2024,6.0407,5.352,4.8825,4.5375,4.1381,3.9074
,19.429,10.299,7.8876,6.6545,5.9426,5.3181,4.9055,4.6069,4.4384
,20.921,11.17,8.577,7.2882,6.4815,5.9656,5.419,5.0773,4.8087
,22.424,12.055,9.2981,7.9581,7.1038,6.5179,5.9888,5.5818,5.2808
,23.931,12.961,10.033,8.5672,7.6699,7.0635,6.5523,6.142,5.7857
,25.441,13.874,10.78,9.2454,8.2746,7.6298,7.1269,6.656,6.3094
,26.951,14.771,11.539,9.9128,8.8905,8.1868,7.7303,7.1913,6.8537
,28.459,15.689,12.307,10.603,9.5379,8.805,8.1998,7.7387,7.4082
,29.962,16.618,13.083,11.305,10.187,9.3963,8.7924,8.3071,7.9765
,31.458,17.56,13.91,12.015,10.852,10.136,9.4271,8.8848,8.46
,32.948,18.474,14.672,12.739,11.521,10.659,10.001,9.4685,9.0267
,18.517,9.8606,7.5506,6.4163,5.6564,5.1004,4.7116,4.409,4.1866
,19.994,10.715,8.2325,6.9768,6.2181,5.6137,5.2023,4.8737,4.6042
,21.483,11.593,8.9648,7.6083,6.7713,6.1757,5.7099,5.3589,5.0768
,22.981,12.464,9.6574,8.2393,7.3592,6.8062,6.32,5.8695,5.5649
,24.485,13.378,10.391,8.8913,8.0113,7.2945,6.8743,6.436,6.0686
,25.991,14.262,11.135,9.5584,8.646,7.8772,7.3954,7.0193,6.5944
,27.496,15.172,11.89,10.238,9.2775,8.4984,7.9161,7.5739,7.1436
,28.998,16.104,12.656,10.928,9.8431,9.0784,8.4969,8.0957,7.6954
,30.495,17.007,13.427,11.627,10.496,9.6963,9.0865,8.5982,8.2701
,31.985,17.943,14.254,12.337,11.237,10.324,9.6874,9.1819,8.8554
,33.471,18.861,15.021,13.051,11.828,10.959,10.301,9.7599,9.3601
,18.897,10.15,7.8204,6.6072,5.9039,5.3182,4.9236,4.6122,4.3577
,20.369,11.003,8.5037,7.2173,6.4402,5.8371,5.4113,5.0823,4.8103
,21.855,11.869,9.1904,7.8366,7.0196,6.4656,5.9248,5.5701,5.2825
,23.351,12.748,9.9091,8.4867,7.6036,7.0223,6.5472,6.0779,5.7724
,24.851,13.659,10.641,9.1356,8.2069,7.5095,7.0059,6.6542,6.2734
,26.354,14.541,11.383,9.7933,8.7926,8.1472,7.5662,7.1908,6.7966
,27.855,15.465,12.137,10.467,9.4256,8.6941,8.2363,7.7297,7.3638
,29.353,16.372,12.899,11.157,10.065,9.2991,8.7122,8.3771,7.8561
,30.846,17.282,13.669,11.856,10.716,9.9196,9.2981,8.8089,8.4939
,32.335,18.199,14.501,12.564,11.378,10.538,9.8981,9.3871,9.0787
,33.815,19.125,15.248,13.277,12.054,11.173,10.522,9.973,9.5241
,19.22,10.407,8.0427,6.8199,6.0888,5.5127,5.1135,4.9026,4.6479
,20.694,11.259,8.7182,7.4304,6.65,6.0354,5.6056,5.2695,4.9965
,22.179,12.124,9.4226,8.0506,7.2213,6.589,6.1119,5.7569,5.4659
,23.675,13.012,10.137,8.6963,7.8029,7.2153,6.662,6.2674,5.9579
,25.174,13.913,10.868,9.3367,8.3977,7.7813,7.3074,6.8003,6.4659
,26.673,14.795,11.611,10.005,9.0048,8.2908,7.7972,7.412,6.9897
,28.173,15.703,12.363,10.682,9.6283,8.9589,8.4393,7.939,7.5573
,29.67,16.609,13.123,11.37,10.268,9.5091,8.9052,8.5388,8.1159
,31.162,17.534,13.894,12.069,10.922,10.11,9.5237,9.1875,8.6258
,32.647,18.445,14.726,12.838,11.591,10.738,10.184,9.582,9.2396
,34.125,19.371,15.512,13.489,12.249,11.378,10.702,10.166,9.8641
,19.666,10.774,8.3638,7.1689,6.3849,5.8035,5.4014,5.0756,4.8212
,21.139,11.625,9.0477,7.7371,6.9227,6.3242,5.891,5.6138,5.273
,22.625,12.49,9.7509,8.3598,7.5102,6.8837,6.4023,6.0415,5.7451
,24.122,13.366,10.468,8.9991,8.0782,7.5027,6.9569,6.5469,6.239
,25.615,14.267,11.199,9.691,8.749,8.0566,7.5446,7.1257,6.7478
,27.116,15.156,11.941,10.317,9.3004,8.5869,8.1555,7.6967,7.2891
,28.611,16.059,12.691,10.996,9.9307,9.1908,8.6218,8.1813,7.7982
,30.105,16.967,13.453,11.697,10.573,9.7958,9.1981,8.7258,8.3611
,31.594,17.899,14.224,12.383,11.309,10.409,9.7894,9.3818,8.9849
,33.083,18.804,15.043,13.086,11.951,11.036,10.389,9.8794,9.4415
,34.553,19.724,15.827,13.803,12.557,11.68,10.998,10.541,10.07
,19.924,10.994,8.563,7.3678,6.5877,5.984,5.5784,5.2522,5.0137
,21.399,11.846,9.2784,7.931,7.1311,6.5065,6.0693,5.7278,5.4481
,22.884,12.71,9.954,8.5599,7.7001,7.0663,6.5824,6.2197,5.9218
,24.377,13.586,10.69,9.1912,8.2819,7.6956,7.1865,6.7253,6.4157
,25.875,14.483,11.416,9.8501,8.8904,8.1887,7.7652,7.3108,6.9277
,27.373,15.373,12.141,10.511,9.4894,8.7724,8.3306,7.8238,7.4719
,28.869,16.285,12.894,11.189,10.177,9.4468,8.8486,8.3667,7.9814
,30.362,17.184,13.656,11.903,10.762,10.05,9.3839,8.9577,8.5859
,31.851,18.105,14.426,12.574,11.418,10.597,9.9745,9.5065,9.171
,33.332,19.015,15.241,13.303,12.077,11.249,10.577,10.114,9.7013
,34.807,19.941,16.004,13.998,12.747,11.864,11.185,10.648,10.194
,20.082,11.137,8.6975,7.4679,6.6796,6.1106,5.6977,5.3711,5.1084
,21.557,11.988,9.3989,8.0618,7.2583,6.6321,6.194,5.8486,5.5668
,23.042,12.852,10.088,8.689,7.8231,7.2299,6.7067,6.3421,6.0455
,24.534,13.726,10.807,9.3224,8.4087,7.7432,7.3305,6.8484,6.5771
,26.029,14.633,11.535,9.9748,9.0014,8.3142,7.8511,7.4364,7.049
,27.527,15.514,12.275,10.65,9.6174,9.0037,8.4156,7.948,7.5771
,29.024,16.424,13.027,11.349,10.249,9.514,8.9426,8.5945,8.1055
,30.515,17.344,13.788,12.009,10.899,10.106,9.5689,9.1425,8.7164
,32.003,18.238,14.558,12.705,11.55,10.788,10.104,9.6941,9.2992
,33.484,19.156,15.372,13.415,12.206,11.354,10.716,10.192,9.8822
,34.957,20.086,16.135,14.13,12.878,12.04,11.316,10.885,10.439
,20.212,11.249,8.8232,7.5585,6.8006,6.2019,5.7892,5.4643,5.2787
,21.69,12.113,9.4903,8.1612,7.3316,6.7251,6.2863,5.951,5.7987
,23.176,12.966,10.2,8.7848,7.9098,7.3507,6.8013,6.4347,6.1367
,24.671,13.842,10.917,9.4247,8.493,7.8418,7.4171,6.9442,6.6294
,26.162,14.74,11.639,10.078,9.1466,8.4698,7.9535,7.5136,7.1632
,27.661,15.638,12.382,10.744,9.7177,9.0977,8.5524,8.0441,7.6834
,29.157,16.548,13.135,11.422,10.35,9.6544,9.1018,8.5749,8.2099
,30.649,17.439,13.897,12.112,10.993,10.206,9.6197,9.1399,8.7422
,32.137,18.371,14.668,12.811,11.646,10.825,10.223,9.7868,9.389
,33.62,19.271,15.464,13.517,12.308,11.545,10.847,10.284,9.9391
,35.094,20.213,16.287,14.234,12.98,12.092,11.414,10.871,10.422
,20.268,11.316,8.8788,7.6433,6.8565,6.2519,5.9338,5.5612,5.384
,21.739,12.169,9.5695,8.2539,7.4317,6.7726,6.4254,6.0912,5.8241
,23.229,13.035,10.275,8.8782,8.0113,7.4177,6.9426,6.5004,6.3286
,24.716,13.91,10.993,9.5237,8.6066,7.9764,7.5053,7.1178,6.7622
,26.218,14.798,11.725,10.179,9.2151,8.5632,8.0559,7.5919,7.3281
,27.716,15.692,12.469,10.847,9.8369,9.1549,8.6239,8.1398,7.8389
,29.209,16.596,13.226,11.498,10.491,9.7555,9.213,8.7299,8.2887
,30.7,17.505,13.982,12.225,11.132,10.371,9.8025,9.3414,8.8719
,32.189,18.421,14.716,12.93,11.777,11.002,10.401,9.9588,9.4723
,33.673,19.338,15.544,13.605,12.475,11.648,11.009,10.511,10.101
,35.15,20.262,16.335,14.283,13.129,12.269,11.627,11.111,10.683