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Shocks and Business Cycles
(2005)
A popular theory of business cycles is that they are driven by animal spirits: shifts in expectations brought on by sunspots. A prominent example is Howitt and McAfee (AER, 1992). We show that this model has a unique equilibrium if there are payoff shocks of any size. This equilibrium still has the desirable property that ...
Shy Couplings
(2005)
A pair (X; Y) of Markov processes is called a Markov coupling if X and Y have the same transition probabilities and (X;Y) is a Markov process. We say that a coupling is "shy" if there exists a (random) [Epsilon] > 0 such that dist(X [subscript] t; Y [subscript] t) > [Epsilon] for all t [is greater than or equal to] 0. We ...
Traps for Reflected Brownian Motion
(Springer-Verlag GmbH, 2005-08-16)
Consider an open set D [is an element of the set] R [The set of Real Numbers] [superscript]d, d [is greater than or equal to] 2, and a closed ball B [is a proper subset of] D. Let E[superscript]xT[subscript]B denote the expectation of the hitting time of B for reflected Brownian motion in D starting from x [is an element of ...
The Heat Equation and Reflected Brownian Motion in Time-Dependent Domains
(Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 2004-01)
The paper is concerned with reflecting Brownian motion (RBM) in domains with deterministic moving boundaries, also known as "non-cylindrical domains," and its connections with partial differential equations. Construction is given for reflecting Brownian motion in C3-smooth time-dependent domains in the n-dimensional Euclidean ...
The "hot spots" problem in planar domains with one hole.
(Duke University Press, 2005)
There exists a planar domain with piecewise smooth boundary and one hole such that the second eigenfunction for the Laplacian with Neumann boundary conditions attains its maximum and minimum inside the domain.
An annihilating-branching particle model for the heat equation with average temperature zero
(2005)
We consider two species of particles performing random walks in a domain in [Real numbers] [superscript] d with reflecting boundary conditions, which annihilate on contact. In addition there is a conservation law so that the total number of particles of each type is preserved: When the two particles of different species ...
Comparison of potential theoretic properties of rough domains
(2005)
We discuss the relationships between the notion of intrinsic ultracontractivity, parabolic Harnack principle, compactness of the 1-resolvent of the Neumann Laplacian, and non-trap property for Euclidean domains with finite Lebesgue measure. In particular, we give an answer to an open problem raised by Davies and Simon in 1984 ...
Synchronous couplings of reflected Brownian motions in smooth domains
(2005)
For every bounded planar domain D with a smooth boundary, we define a "Lyapunov exponent" [Lambda](D) using a fairly explicit formula. We consider two reflected Brownian motions in D, driven by the same Brownian motion (i.e., a "synchronous coupling"). If [Lambda] (D) > 0 then the distance between the two Brownian particles ...
Reduction of dimensionality in a diffusion search process and kinetics of gene expression
(North-Holland (Elsevier), 2000-03-01)
In order to activate a gene in a DNA molecule a specific protein (transcription factor) has to
bind to the promoter of the gene. We formulate and partially answer the following question: how much time does a transcription factor, which activates a given gene, need in order to find this gene inside the nucleus of a cell? The ...
A Fleming-Viat particle representation of Dirichlet Laplacian
(Springer-Verlag GmbH, 2000-11)
We consider a model with a large number N of particles which move according to independent Brownian motions. A particle which leaves a domain D is killed; at the same time, a different particle splits into two particles. For large N, the particle distribution density converges to the normalized heat equation solution in D ...