Browsing Global health by Subject "global health"
Now showing items 21-40 of 141
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CHALLENGES FOR EARLY INFANT DIAGNOSIS OF HIV IN THE GBEKE HEALTH REGION, IN CENTRAL COTE D'IVOIRE
In low income countries, 35% of HIV infected infants will die within a year if they are not tested and treated early for HIV infection. Identifying and tracking HIV exposed infants remains a significant challenge for many ... -
Cloudy with a Chance of Cardiovascular Disease: Spatial Interpolation of Mortality Attributable to Air Pollution in China
Ambient air pollution, especially particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns (PM2.5), is a significant contributor to premature mortality. This issue is particularly relevant in China due to rapid urbanization and population ... -
The Community Adherence and Support Group Strategy in Niassa Province, Mozambique: A Process Evaluation of Group Formation Dynamics
(2013-07-25)In Mozambique, where 11.5% of the population is infected with HIV, there is an ongoing struggle to scale-up HIV care and treatment including the expansion of ART access and improvement of coverage rates. To achieve the ... -
A Comparison of Sub-national Survey Data and Health Management Information System Data in Zambia
Child health outcomes and coverage of key maternal and child health interventions vary widely across districts in Zambia. Sub-national data is necessary to empower health decision makers to target informed strategies to ... -
Contending with the Challenges of HIV Genetic Diversity: The Role of Epitope Variant Recognition in Immune Control of HIV
(2014-02-24)Despite over 30 years of intensive research, the development of an effective HIV vaccine has remained elusive. One of the most significant challenges in designing an HIV vaccine is contending with the extensive sequence ... -
Continuous quality improvement (CQI) for HIV testing and counselling services for adolescents (HTC): A cost analysis of implementation
The number of adolescents living with HIV is increasing globally. AIDS-related deaths among adolescents have increased while among the other age group people it has decreased. Nevertheless, HIV remains under-diagnosed in ... -
A Critical Analysis of HIV/AIDS Training Data for Three Regions in Northern Ethiopia from April 2005-February 2012
(2013-07-23)Background: The Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) demonstrated strong leadership and commitment in using the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) funds to develop a health workforce that is sufficient ... -
Decreased Household Travel Time to Road is Associated with Household Use of Improved Sanitation Systems in the Darjeeling Hills, India
(2013-07-25)We sought to better understand the relationship between household-to-road travel time with improved household latrines in villages in the Kalimpong Subdivision of the Darjeeling District. BACKGROUND The absence of improved ... -
Defining neutralizing antibody specificities that target diverse HIV-1 transmitted strains
(2014-02-24)Studies in animal models have shown that pre-existing neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), which target the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope (Env) to prevent entry into host cells, can block infection. A ... -
Defining the innate immune consequences of Dengue virus infection: Antibody dependent enhancement and the plasmacytoid dendritic cell interferon response.
Dengue virus circulates as 4 distinct serotypes that are transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. Infection usually results in mild or asymptomatic febrile illness that resolves. In a minority of ... -
DEMOGRAPHIC AND SUBSTANCE USE CONTRIBUTORS OF POOR HEALTH OUTCOMES IN INJECTION DRUG USING WOMEN IN NAIROBI, KENYA
<italic>Background</italic>: Injection drug use (IDU), while still uncommon in sub-Saharan Africa, has risen markedly in the last two decades. There is currently relatively little data on IDU in the region, in particular ... -
Depression, Substance Abuse, and Stigma among Kenyan Men Who Have Sex with Men
Objective(s): Mental health conditions can have a severe impact on quality of life and interfere with health-related behaviors such as medication adherence. We aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of depression ... -
Determinants of Contraceptive Use Among Postpartum Adolescents in Western Kenya: A Qualitative Analysis
Objective: To examine influences of contraceptive access and use pre- and postpartum among a group of postpartum adolescents. Design/Setting/Participants: This qualitative study utilizing focus group discussions (FGDs) was ... -
Determinants of pertussis and tetanus vaccination coverage among foreign-born adults living in the United States
Pertussis is a common vaccine-preventable disease worldwide and is endemic in the United States, with an average of 23,000 cases reported annually. The incidence of pertussis among adults has increased steadily, with a ... -
Determining the Prevalence and Risk Factors for Depressive Symptoms Among Adults in Nepal: Findings from the Dhulikhel Heart Study
Background: Nepal is currently experiencing a rapid growth in non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Depression has previously been associated with NCDs in South Asia; however, data regarding the prevalence and risk factors ... -
The Diabetic Program Evaluation for a Peer Educator Model in Takeo, Cambodia from 2007 to 2013
University of Washington Abstract The Diabetic Program Evaluation for a Peer Educator Model in Takeo, Cambodia from 2007 to 2013 Dawn Taniguchi Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor, James LoGerfo M.D., M.P.H., ... -
Diagnostic Accuracy of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests in Urine for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Meta-Analysis
<bold>Objective:</bold> To determine the diagnostic accuracy of tuberculosis nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) in urine samples for active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). <bold>Design:</bold> Systematic review and ... -
Disentangling the impact of seroconversion age and set-point viral load on ART-free HIV survival
Introduction: Prediction of off-treatment HIV survival is important in understanding risk among individuals unaware of their HIV status or unable to access care. Historically HIV survival analyses use age at seroconversion ... -
District Health Officer perceptions of PEPFAR's influence on the health system in Uganda, 2005-2011
Vertically oriented global health initiatives (GHIs) addressing the HIV/AIDS epidemic, including the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), have been successful at reducing HIV/AIDS related morbidity and ... -
Do hospital performance rankings sufficiently account for underlying patient risk? The value of information in outcomes-based risk adjustment
(2013-11-14)Objective: To determine the optimal amount of information that should be included in a risk adjustment model as it pertains to health care performance based financing. Data Sources: Health Care Cost and Utilization Project ...