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Effects of bubbles, cracks, and volcanic tephra on the spectral albedo of bare ice near the Transantarctic Mountains: Implications for sea glaciers on Snowball Earth
(Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 2013)
Spectral albedo was measured along a 6 km transect near the Allan Hills in East Antarctica. The transect traversed the sequence from new snow through old snow, firn, and white ice, to blue ice, showing a systematic progression of decreasing albedo at all wavelengths, as well as decreasing specific surface area (SSA) and ...
Hydrohalite in cold sea ice: Laboratory observations of single crystals, surface accumulations, and migration rates under a temperature gradient, with application to “Snowball Earth"
(Journal of Geophysical Research, 2009)
When NaCl precipitates out of a saturated solution, it forms anhydrous crystals of halite at temperatures above +0.11?C, but at temperatures below this threshold it instead precipitates as the dihydrate ‘‘hydrohalite,’’ NaCl * 2H2O. When sea ice is cooled, hydrohalite begins to precipitate within brine inclusions at about ...