Browsing Atmospheric sciences by Title
Now showing items 34-53 of 312
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Can the response to global warming be La Niña-like?
The majority of the models that participated in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 global warming experiments warm faster in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean than in the west. GFDL-ESM2M is an exception ... -
Characterization of marine boundary layer aerosol from north Atlantic and European sources: physical and chemical properties and climate forcing parameters
(2002)This thesis focuses on aerosol properties measured in Southwestern Portugal during the second Aerosol Characterization Experiment. Fundamental aerosol physical properties such as particle size distribution and hygroscopic ... -
Characterizing Mesoscale Pressure Features with Bias Corrected Smartphone Pressures
With over a billion smartphones capable of measuring atmospheric pressure, a global mesoscale surface pressure network based on smartphone pressure sensors may be possible if key technical issues are solved, including ... -
Cirrus and water vapor transport in the tropical tropopause layer
(2012-08-10)Simulations of tropical-tropopause-layer (TTL) cirrus under the influence of a large-scale equatorial Kelvin wave have been performed in two dimensions. These simulations show that, even under the influence of the large-scale ... -
Climate driven changes in nitrate deposition and preservation over the West Antarctic Ice Sheet
Nitrate preserved in ice core records has the potential to be used as a proxy for historic atmospheric NO x concentrations and oxidant abundances. Nitrate deposited to ice sheets can undergo photolysis to NO x , oxidation, ... -
The climatic effects and requirements of arctic clouds
(1997)The climatic effect and requirements of clouds over the Arctic Ocean are examined using a pair of one-dimensional models. A coupled ice-atmosphere column model with prescribed cloud properties is used to examine the effect ... -
Cloud Feedbacks in Limited-Area and Near-Global Cloud-Resolving Simulations of an Aquaplanet in SAM
Global climate models (GCMs) with conventional cumulus parameterization produce a wide spread in cloud feedbacks due to uncertainty from low clouds. Cloud-resolving model (CRM) and large-eddy simulations (LES) can be used ... -
Cold air incursions into low-latitudes: global perspective and regional analysis over South America
(1998)This dissertation addresses several aspects of synoptic-scale incursions of cold air (cold surges) propagating equatorward along the east side of the Andes cordillera in South America. Similar cold surges are also a well ... -
Constraining storm-scale forecasts of deep convective initiation with surface weather observations
Successfully forecasting when and where individual convective storms will form remains an elusive goal for short-term numerical weather prediction. In this dissertation, the convective initiation (CI) challenge is considered ... -
Constraining the Surface Energy Balance of Snow in Complex Terrain
Physically-based snow models form the basis of our understanding of current and future water and energy cycles, especially in mountainous terrain. These models are poorly constrained and widely diverge from each other, ... -
Contributions of Dense Pressure Observations to Mesoscale Analyses and Forecasts
(2013-07-25)In an effort to improve the analysis and subsequent short-term forecast of mesoscale phenomena, the assimilation of dense surface pressure observations is examined using an ensemble Kalman filter. Over the Pacific Northwest, ... -
Controls of tropical Pacific rainfall and SST biases in global climate models
Despite continual improvements in both model physics and resolution, accurate simulation of the tropical Pacific mean state has been an elusive goal for many coupled global climate models (GCMs) for decades. Because ... -
Convective momentum transport over the tropical Pacific
(2001)The vertical transport of horizontal momentum by cumulus convection is investigated in observations and model simulations of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE). ... -
Coupled Air-Sea-Land Interactions: Understanding the MJO Eastward Propagation and Maritime Continent Barrier Effect
The Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is the leading mode of tropical intraseasonal variability affecting the global weather and climate. The MJO is characterized by large-scale organized convection and its associated ... -
Cross-tropopause tracer transport in midlatitude convection
(2003)Simulations performed by a 3D cloud-resolving model are used to study the transport of tropospheric tracers into the lowermost stratosphere via midlatitude convection. Direct transport by convection is believed to be the ... -
Dataset to support article titled: The magnitude of the snow-sourced reactive nitrogen flux to the boundary layer in the Uintah Basin, Utah, USA
(Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2016-11-09)This data set is for a paper in the open access journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. The submitted (not revised, final) version can be found at the following link: http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/acp-2016-320/ -
The dependence of clouds and their radiative impacts on the large-scale vertical velocity
(2007)Middle-tropospheric vertical velocity(o500) is used to isolate the effect of large-scale dynamics on the observed radiation budget and cloud properties in the Tropics. The ratio of shortwave to longwave cloud forcing ... -
Dependence of tropical precipitation on changes in cross-equatorial atmosphere and ocean heat transport in global warming simulations
The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is an area of convection encircling the earth near the equator where the northern and southern hemisphere (SH) Hadley cells converge. If a forcing (e.g. aerosol emissions decline) ... -
Detection and Attribution of Global Surface Air Temperature Change in the Instrumental Record
(2013-07-23)This study investigates the spatial and temporal variability of surface air temperature (SAT) in the instrumental record of climate, emphasizing the detection of SAT change in the presence of natural variability as well ... -
Diagnosing Stalled Warming in CMIP6 Models
Global coupled models provide essential constraints on future Earth warming; however, significant spread across climate simulations creates uncertainty in the rate of warming. Nonlinearities in the rate of warming at ...