Browsing Atmospheric sciences by Title
Now showing items 217-236 of 312
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Radar observations of orographic precipitation
(2004)Operational Doppler radar archives provide insight into the structure and airflow within precipitating systems in two different mountain climates: the Mediterranean side of the European Alps and the coastal terrain of ... -
Radiative and Dynamic Controls on Atmospheric Heat Transport over Different Planetary Rotation Rates
Atmospheric heat transport is an important piece of our climate system, yet we lack a complete theory for its magnitude or changes. Atmospheric dynamics and radiation play different roles in controlling the total atmospheric ... -
Radiative properties of arctic clouds
(2000)Two topics are examined in this dissertation: the optical single-scattering properties of mixed-phased (i.e., supercooled water and ice) and glaciated clouds, and the possible effects of anthropogenic pollution on the ... -
Radiative properties, dynamics, and chemical evolution of the smoke from the 1991 Kuwait oil fires
(1994)The oil fields in Kuwait were the scene of a massive conflagration during much of 1991 that was started by Iraqi forces during the Gulf War. At this time, approximately 4 to 5 million barrels of oil were burning each day. ... -
Reactive Nitrogen Multiphase Chemistry and Chlorine Activation on Authentic Biomass Burning Aerosol
Biomass burning is both a major source of particulate matter and reactive nitrogen oxide radicals, yet the rate and products of the multiphase chemistry between the two has not been well studied. Nitryl chloride (ClNO$_2$), ... -
Reconciling tropospheric temperature trends from the microwave sounding unit
(2012-09-13)The University of Alabama at Huntsville (UAH), Remote Sensing Systems (RSS), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) have constructed long-term temperature records for deep atmospheric layers using ... -
Reconstructing Arctic Sea Ice in the Common Era
Arctic sea ice concentrations have undergone rapid declines in recent decades. Many factors have been shown to contribute to this decline, and much of it has been attributed to greenhouse gas forcing and natural variability. ... -
Reconstructing Arctic Sea Ice in the Instrumental Era
Arctic sea ice has undergone rapid declines in recent decades. Given the short satellite record (1979–present), disentangling the relative role of natural variability and anthropogenic forcing on recent declines remains ... -
Reconstructing Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Variability Over the Last Millennium
Coupled interactions between oceans and the atmosphere are fundamental to low-frequency variability of the Earth System. While the instrumental record provides an account of this coupled variability over time, the length ... -
Reconstructing Past Climate by Using Proxy Data and a Linear Climate Model
In this work we improve the skill of climate field reconstructions (CFRs) through the use of an online paleoclimate data assimilation (PDA) method within the Last Millennium Reanalysis framework (LMR). A computationally ... -
Reducing errors in simulated satellite views of clouds from large-scale models
A fundamental test of the representation of clouds in models is evaluating the simulation of present-day climate against available observations. Satellite retrievals of cloud properties provide an attractive baseline for ... -
Relationships between wintertime modes of atmospheric variability on intermediate and long timescales
(2007)Variability in daily wintertime (DJF) 500 hPa geopotential heights on short (< 6 days), intermediate (6-30 days), and long (> 30 days) timescales is examined. Sectoral EOF analysis shows the leading patterns of variability ... -
Representation of the Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves in Modern Reanalysis Products
Despite decades of research, fundamental questions about the convectively coupled Kelvin waves (CCKWs) remain not fully answered, including the destabilization mechanisms and the mean state modulation. To deepen our ... -
Responses of the Climate System to Opposing Solar and CO2 Forcings
This dissertation analyzes various aspects of the response of Earth’s climate to a simultaneously imposed increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration and decrease in the solar constant, based on an analysis of experiment ... -
Retrievals of Drizzle and Cloud Liquid Water Contents in Stratocumulus and Implications for Subgrid-scale Impacts on Model Autoconversion and Accretion Rates
Marine stratocumulus clouds (Sc) cover large areas of the Earth and have a substantial impact on the Earth’s radiative balance by reflecting copious amounts of sunlight away from the Earth and emitting longwave radiation ... -
The role of North Atlantic Deep Water formation in the thermohaline circulation
(2000)An ocean general circulation model is used to explore the global ocean thermohaline circulation. North Atlantic Deep Water formation is an important component of this system and the role of this process in the ventilation, ... -
The roles of wave-zonal flow interaction and orographic forcing on the generation of low-frequency variability in a newly developed GCM
(1993)A full-Galerkin GCM is developed for mechanistic studies on the generation mechanisms of low-frequency variability. The numerical implementation and baroclinic dynamics of this newly developed GCM are carefully tested, and ... -
Scalar and Multivariate Approaches for Optimal Network Design in Antarctica
Observations are crucial for weather and climate, not only for daily forecasts and logistical purposes, for but maintaining representative records and for tuning atmospheric models. Here scalar theory for optimal network ... -
Scalar and Multivariate Approaches for Optimal Network Design in Antarctica
Observations are crucial for weather and climate, not only for daily forecasts and logistical purposes, for but maintaining representative records and for tuning atmospheric models. Here scalar theory for optimal network ... -
Sea ice sources of sea salt aerosols in polar regions
Blowing briny snow and frost flowers have been suggested as important sources of sea salt aerosols (SSA) over sea ice covered regions, where they can affect radiation, cloud formation, and boundary layer chemistry. During ...