Browsing Atmospheric sciences by Title
Now showing items 225-244 of 301
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Scalar and Multivariate Approaches for Optimal Network Design in Antarctica
Observations are crucial for weather and climate, not only for daily forecasts and logistical purposes, for but maintaining representative records and for tuning atmospheric models. Here scalar theory for optimal network ... -
Scalar and Multivariate Approaches for Optimal Network Design in Antarctica
Observations are crucial for weather and climate, not only for daily forecasts and logistical purposes, for but maintaining representative records and for tuning atmospheric models. Here scalar theory for optimal network ... -
Sea ice sources of sea salt aerosols in polar regions
Blowing briny snow and frost flowers have been suggested as important sources of sea salt aerosols (SSA) over sea ice covered regions, where they can affect radiation, cloud formation, and boundary layer chemistry. During ... -
The seasonal footprinting mechanism in the CSIRO coupled general circulation models and in observations
(2002)The Seasonal Footprinting Mechanism (SFM) is defined herein. The SFM provides a means by which winter mid-latitude atmospheric variability over the North Pacific becomes an important external forcing of ENSO. During winter, ... -
Self-Organizing Maps for the Classification of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Tornado-Favorable Parameters
A nuanced analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of supercell tornadoesand the characteristics of the near-storm environments associated with those tornadoes is critical to improving our understanding of the ... -
Shallow convection in orographic precipitation
(2004)An investigation into the dynamics of shallow orographic convection is performed through observations and numerical simulations using a cloud-resolving mesoscale model. Two-dimensional simulations reveal that embedded ... -
Skill of ship-following large-eddy simulations in reproducing MAGIC observations across the Northeast Pacific stratocumulus to cumulus transition region
During the Marine ARM GPCI Investigation of Clouds (MAGIC) in Oct. 2011 - Sept. 2012, a container ship making periodic cruises between Los Angeles, CA and Honolulu, HI was instrumented with surface meteorological, aerosol ... -
Skillful Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Forecasts on Interannual to Decadal Timescales Using a Linear Inverse Model
Improvements to forecasts on interannual to decadal timescales face two major challenges: (1) consistently initializing the coupled system so that variability is not dominated by initial imbalances, and (2) having a large ... -
Snow nitrate photolysis in polar regions and the mid-latitudes: Impact on boundary layer chemistry and implications for ice core records
The formation and recycling of nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2) associated with snow nitrate photolysis has important implications for air quality and the preservation of nitrate in ice core records. This dissertation examines ... -
Solar radiation processes on the East Antarctic Plateau: interaction of clouds, snow, and atmospheric gases
(2007)The bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of snow was measured from a 32-meter tower at Dome C, at latitude 75°S on the East Antarctic Plateau. These measurements were made at 96 solar zenith angles between ... -
Some aspects of planetary-scale atmospheric variability in a low-resolution general circulation model
(1996)A series of experiments with the GFDL R15 spectral model is used to address aspects of atmospheric variability on time scales ranging from weeks to decades. The experiments are performed in a perpetual January mode.The ... -
Source Apportionment of Organic Aerosol Mass: Evaluating Molecular Composition-Based Methods
Improvements in organic aerosol (OA) source apportionment techniques are investigated based on field measurements made in the Southeast US by a Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (CIMS) equipped with a custom Filter ... -
The source of the midwinter suppression in storminess over the North Pacific
(2013-04-17)Feature tracking techniques are employed to investigate why there is a relative mini- mum in storminess during winter within the Pacific storm track (the midwinter sup- pression). It is found that the frequency and amplitude ... -
Sources, chemistry, and transport of urban aerosols and oxidized mercury: An analysis combining aircraft and surface observations with a chemical transport model
I examine of the sources, chemistry, and transport of aerosol particles and oxidized mercury compounds in the atmosphere using aircraft- and ground-based observations and a global chemical transport model. In Chapter 2, I ... -
Southern Ocean precipitation observed from satellite and ground instrumentation at Macquarie Island
The seasonal and synoptic variability of Southern Ocean (SO) precipitation are studied using ground-based observations at Macquarie Island. Parsivel disdrometer and W-band radar measurements are blended to determine ... -
Spatial and temporal distribution of Arctic aerosols: new insights from the CALIPSO satellite
(2014-02-24)The Arctic is a receptor of pollution transported from distant regions. Pollution reaches the Arctic both in gaseous and aerosol form, both of which have important climatic and ecological implications. This dissertation ... -
Storm track variability and interaction with the background flow on daily, interannual and climate change time scales
(2007)Variability in the observed Northern and Southern Hemisphere storm tracks is dominated by "pulsing" and "latitudinally shifting" modes in sectors of each hemisphere. These modes are useful simplifications of the full ... -
Storm Track Variability from the Perspective of Individual Storms
(2013-07-25)A combination of feature-tracking and variance techniques are employed to investigate synoptic-scale controls on mid-latitude storm tracks. Most notably, the way in which an upstream wave source (a ``seed" disturbance) ... -
Storm-Centered Ensemble Data Assimilation for Tropical Cyclones
(2013-07-25)A significant challenge for tropical cyclone ensemble data assimilation is that storm-scale observations tend to make analyses that are more asymmetric than the prior forecasts. Compromised structure and intensity, such ... -
Stratosphere-troposphere exchange and the impact of commercial aviation on the atmosphere
(1999)The exchange of mass and chemical constituents between the stratosphere and the troposphere is examined on a variety of time scales using various techniques. Estimates are developed of the stratosphere-troposphere exchange ...