Browsing Atmospheric sciences by Title
Now showing items 188-207 of 312
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On the nature of severe orographic thunderstorms near the Andes in subtropical South America
Identifying common features and differences between the mechanisms producing extreme convection near major mountain ranges of the world is an essential step toward a general understanding of orographic precipitation on a ... -
On the nature of the atmospheric cloud radiative effect and its impact on tropical convection
Tropical high clouds have been shown to converge radiant energy within the atmosphere. We term this phenomenon the Atmospheric Cloud Radiative Effect (ACRE). The addition of energy unequally in space and time has profound ... -
On the predictability of sea ice
(2013-11-14)We investigate the persistence and predictability of sea ice in numerical models and observations. We first use the 3rd generation Community Climate System Model (CCSM3) General Circulation Model (GCM) to investigate the ... -
On the role of natural laboratories and natural experiments in elucidating cloud-aerosol-climate interactions: A story of ships, smoke, and shutdowns
Uncertainties in how airborne particles (aerosol) influence cloud reflectivity hinder our understanding of anthropogenic climate change. The study of aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) is complicated by the difficulty of ... -
On the seasonality of climate fluctuations over the contiguous United States
(1986)The dominant spatial patterns of climatic fluctuation over the contiguous United States during the winter and summer seasons (1931-82) are examined using monthly mean temperature and monthly total precipitation anomalies ... -
On the structure of atmospheric warming in models and observations: Implications for the lapse rate feedback
This dissertation investigates the structure of atmospheric warming in observations and general circulation models (GCMs). Theory and GCMs suggest that warming is amplified in the tropical upper troposphere relative to the ... -
Organized layer overturning in mesoscale convective systems over the western Pacific warm pool
(2003)This study employs a high resolution numerical cloud model to investigate overturning of the tropical environment by mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) occurring over the westerly onset and strong westerly regions of the ... -
Orographic enhancement of mid-latitude cyclone precipitation
(2005)As mid-latitude cyclones move across mountain ranges, the distribution of precipitation is altered. The windward slopes experience enhancement of precipitation, which is determined by dynamical and microphysical factors. ... -
Orographic modification of precipitation processes in a tropical cyclone moving over a continental mountain range
Airborne radar reflectivity data and numerical simulations are examined to determine how tropical cyclone precipitation processes are impacted by landfall over a continental mountain range. Analysis of the high-resolution ... -
Orographic Precipitation Enhancement in the Presence of Large-Scale Weather Systems
Heavy precipitation in midlatitude mountain ranges is driven by the episodic passage of weather systems. It is a common paradigm that this precipitation results from the large inte- grated vapor transport (IVT) observed ... -
Orographic Precipitation in an Idealized Midlatitude Cyclone
In mountainous areas in the midlatitudes, the majority of terrain related precipitation occurs in conjunction with large scale storm systems. As noted in Smith 2006, ``Mountains have their most profound influence on ... -
Orographically Modified Ice-Phase Precipitation Processes During the Olympic Mountains Experiment (OLYMPEX)
Over mountainous terrain, windward enhancement of stratiform precipitation results from a combination of warm-rain and ice-phase processes. In this study, ice-phase precipitation processes are investigated within frontal ... -
Overshooting Convection, Cirrus, and the Cold Point Tropopause in Global Storm-Resolving Models and Satellite Observations
Processes occurring in upper troposphere-lower stratosphere region (UTLS), especially overshooting convection and radiative heating from thin cirrus, play a key role in the Earth's climate system. The cold point tropopause, ... -
Ozone enhancement in Western U.S. wildfire plumes at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory: The Role of NOx
We looked at 19 wildfire events that were observed in the summers of 2012 (July 22 - September 20) and 2013 (July 12 - August 30) at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory (MBO, 2.7 km a.s.l.), a mountaintop site located in central ... -
Ozone Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange in the Past, Present, and Future
As a key component of the Earth system, stratospheric ozone protects life on Earth from hazardous ultraviolet radiation and has a crucial impact on tropospheric chemistry. Stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) of ozone ... -
Patterns of climate variability of the Northern Hemisphere wintertime circulation
(2004)The principal patterns of variability of the extratropical Northern Hemisphere (NH) wintertime circulation are examined. The two-dimensional phase space defined by the two leading PCs of the monthly-mean sea-level pressure ... -
The peculiar behavior of baroclinic waves during the midwinter suppression of the Pacific storm track
(2002)The midwinter suppression of the Pacific storm track is described in detail based on NCEP Reanalysis data from 1979 to 2001. The midwinter suppression is characterized by an equatorward shift and overall decrease in storm ... -
A physical model to estimate snowfall over land using microwave measurements
(2004)Falling snow is an important component of global precipitation in extratropical regions. This study describes the methodology and results of physically based retrievals of snow falling over land surfaces. Because microwave ... -
Plant Physiology Increases the Magnitude and Spread of the Transient Climate Response to CO2 in CMIP6 Earth System Models
Increasing concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere not only influence climate through CO2’s effect as a greenhouse gas but also through its impact on plants. Plants respond to atmospheric CO2 concentrations in several ways ... -
The Precipitating Cloud Population of the Madden-Julian Oscillation Over the Indian and West Pacific Oceans
(2013-07-25)The variability of the precipitating cloud population of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is represented by statistics of echo features seen by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission's Precipitation Radar over the ...