Browsing Atmospheric sciences by Issue Date
Now showing items 1-20 of 300
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Numerical simulation of tropical cyclone genesis
(1980)Past hurricane or typhoon simulation studies have concentrated on the development of the mature storm. Most of these simulations began with initial states that had closed, relatively strong cyclonic circulations and that ... -
On the maintenance of blocking anticyclones in a general circulation model
(1985)Blocking anticyclones that appear in perpetual January simulations of a general circulation model are examined. Blocks in three geographical regions are studied: the North Pacific, the North Atlantic and Western North ... -
On the seasonality of climate fluctuations over the contiguous United States
(1986)The dominant spatial patterns of climatic fluctuation over the contiguous United States during the winter and summer seasons (1931-82) are examined using monthly mean temperature and monthly total precipitation anomalies ... -
Model studies of the middle atmosphere of Venus
(1991)Zonal winds reach in excess of 100 m/s in the middle atmosphere of Venus; the cloud-level atmosphere takes little more than 4 days to complete one rotation, while the solid planet below has a 243-day rotation period. This ... -
The Australian monsoon and its mesoscale convective systems
(1992)The 1987 Australian monsoon was observed with satellites, rawinsondes, radar and aircraft. These data are presented, with theory filling the gaps, in illustration of its dynamics.The engine of the monsoon is its embedded ... -
Linear and nonlinear aspects of the northern hemisphere wintertime variability in the 500 hPa height field
(1993)Low-frequency variability in the Northern Hemisphere wintertime 500 hPa height field has been investigated. The Pacific/North American pattern and the North Atlantic Oscillation stand out above the background continuum of ... -
The roles of wave-zonal flow interaction and orographic forcing on the generation of low-frequency variability in a newly developed GCM
(1993)A full-Galerkin GCM is developed for mechanistic studies on the generation mechanisms of low-frequency variability. The numerical implementation and baroclinic dynamics of this newly developed GCM are carefully tested, and ... -
Radiative properties, dynamics, and chemical evolution of the smoke from the 1991 Kuwait oil fires
(1994)The oil fields in Kuwait were the scene of a massive conflagration during much of 1991 that was started by Iraqi forces during the Gulf War. At this time, approximately 4 to 5 million barrels of oil were burning each day. ... -
An observational study of atmosphere-ocean interactions in the northern oceans on interannual and interdecadal time-scale
(1996)This study focuses on the air-sea interactions over the northern oceans from an observational point of view. Atmosphere-ocean interactions exhibit a strong seasonality in both the North Pacific and the North Atlantic. In ... -
Interactions of the northern and southern branches of the thermohaline circulation
(1996)Coarse resolution models are used to investigate the influence of Southern Hemisphere processes on the Northern branch of the thermohaline circulation. The link between the zonal wind stress at the latitude of Drake Passage ... -
Some aspects of planetary-scale atmospheric variability in a low-resolution general circulation model
(1996)A series of experiments with the GFDL R15 spectral model is used to address aspects of atmospheric variability on time scales ranging from weeks to decades. The experiments are performed in a perpetual January mode.The ... -
The verification and application of satellite scatterometer winds
(1996)Scatterometers are active microwave radars that provide surface wind vector observations over the global oceans. The data are especially useful in the studies of oceanic synoptic scale and meso-scale cyclones/storms, which ... -
Predictability of ENSO: optimal error growth and forecast skill
(1996)The goal of this study is to explore the short-term climate predictability of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies on the seasonal, interannual, and decadal time scales. The simple coupled atmosphere-ocean ... -
The influence of convectively generated thermal forcing on the mesoscale circulation around squall lines
(1996)The dynamical processes that determine the kinematic and thermodynamic structure of the mesoscale region around squall lines are examined using a series of numerical simulations. The features that develop in a realistic ... -
A modeling study of thunderstorm electrification and lightning flash rate
(1997)Observing the range of spatial scales important in thunderstorm electrification and subsequent lightning development is huge and would be an impossible task. The charge transfer processes within clouds takes place during ... -
A modeling study of the subtropical stratocumulus-to-trade-cumulus transition
(1997)The transition from the subtropical stratocumulus-capped marine boundary layer to the trade-cumulus boundary layer is studied using numerical simulations. Model results are used to propose a new conceptual model of this ... -
Interaction of frontal systems with the coastal mountains of the western U.S
(1997)Observational analyses and numerical simulations are used to investigate the interaction between frontal systems and the complex terrain of the western U.S. for both warm and cold seasons. The different characteristics of ... -
Low frequency variability and mean circulation of the tropical stratosphere from UARS data
(1997)The low frequency variability in the equatorial middle atmosphere is dominated by the semiannual (SAO) and quasi-biennial (QBO) oscillations. Although the general characteristics and forcing mechanisms of these oscillations ... -
Interannual variability in cloudiness, sea surface temperature, and atmospheric circulation over the midlatitude North Pacific during summer
(1997)Large-scale interannual and interdecadal variability in surface-observed marine stratiform cloud (MSC) amount and sea surface temperature (SST) are closely coupled over the central North Pacific during summer. Increased ... -
The climatic effects and requirements of arctic clouds
(1997)The climatic effect and requirements of clouds over the Arctic Ocean are examined using a pair of one-dimensional models. A coupled ice-atmosphere column model with prescribed cloud properties is used to examine the effect ...