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Tropical climate sensitivities: clouds, water vapor, radiation and large-scale circulation
(2002)
The physical mechanisms that affect the tropical sea surface temperature (SST) are investigated using a two box model and a mesoscale model with fixed uniform and sinusoidal SST gradients. Emphasis is placed on the large-scale circulation containing rising motion in regions with high humidity and high clouds and subsidence ...
Gravity waves generated by tropical convection: generation mechanisms and implications for global circulation models
(2002)
Convectively generated gravity waves influence the circulation of the middle atmosphere by depositing momentum to the flow at their breaking levels. Global Circulation Models do not resolve convectively generated gravity waves and therefore the gravity wave spectrum generated by convection must be parameterized. In order to ...
The peculiar behavior of baroclinic waves during the midwinter suppression of the Pacific storm track
(2002)
The midwinter suppression of the Pacific storm track is described in detail based on NCEP Reanalysis data from 1979 to 2001. The midwinter suppression is characterized by an equatorward shift and overall decrease in storm track intensity, measured in terms of eddy total energy (TE), that occurs primarily above 500 mb over the ...
The dynamics of gap flow over idealized topography
(2002)
A flow past an idealized topography with a narrow gap is examined using a numerical model. The obstacle is a finite ridge in the N-S direction with a narrow gap in the W-E direction and the fluid has a simple vertical structure with a constant atmospheric stability and wind.In the first part, flows perpendicular to the obstacle, ...
Characterization of marine boundary layer aerosol from north Atlantic and European sources: physical and chemical properties and climate forcing parameters
(2002)
This thesis focuses on aerosol properties measured in Southwestern Portugal during the second Aerosol Characterization Experiment. Fundamental aerosol physical properties such as particle size distribution and hygroscopic properties are related to possible sources and aerosol transformation processes. From these fundamental ...
ENSO-related marine cloud variation and new single column marine boundary layer cloud modeling
(2002)
Low cloud and precipitation anomalies associated with tropical sea surface temperature (SST) variations or El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), fall into three groups: (1) modulation of tropical deep convection associated with anomalous Walker Circulation, (2) shifts and changes in intensity of mid-latitude storm track and ...
The seasonal footprinting mechanism in the CSIRO coupled general circulation models and in observations
(2002)
The Seasonal Footprinting Mechanism (SFM) is defined herein. The SFM provides a means by which winter mid-latitude atmospheric variability over the North Pacific becomes an important external forcing of ENSO. During winter, when the mid-latitude atmosphere is most energetic, mid-latitude atmospheric variability imparts an SST ...