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Modeling and observational constraints on tropospheric sulfur-halogen interactions
Sulfur and reactive halogens are key components in tropospheric chemistry and the radiation budget of the Earth. Tropospheric sulfur and halogen budgets are still not well constrained. Laboratory and modeling studies have revealed the important role of halogen species in the tropospheric sulfur cycle, such as the oxidation ...
Progressive Mid-latitude Afforestation: Local and Remote Climate Impacts in the Framework of Two Coupled Earth System Models
Vegetation influences the atmosphere in complex and non-linear ways, such that large- scale changes in vegetation cover can drive changes in climate on both local and global scales. Large-scale land surface changes have been shown to introduce excess energy to one hemi- sphere, causing a shift in atmospheric circulation on a ...
Nd or not Nd? To what extent are biomass burning aerosols modulating cloud microphysics in the southeast Atlantic?
The colocation of clouds and smoke over the southeast Atlantic Ocean during the southern African biomass burning season has numerous radiative implications, including microphysical modulation of the clouds if smoke is entrained into the marine boundary layer. The ORACLES campaign is deploying aircraft to study this system in ...
Plant Physiology Increases the Magnitude and Spread of the Transient Climate Response to CO2 in CMIP6 Earth System Models
Increasing concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere not only influence climate through CO2’s effect as a greenhouse gas but also through its impact on plants. Plants respond to atmospheric CO2 concentrations in several ways that can alter surface energy and water fluxes and thus surface climate, including changes in stomatal ...
Heterogeneous nitrate production mechanisms in intense haze events
The importance of heterogeneous (multi-phase) reactions between trace gases and particulates in controlling the tropospheric chemistry of reactive nitrogen oxides and driving the production of nitrate has long been recognized. However, less is known about how different chemical mechanisms contribute to nitrate production in ...
Measuring Kinematic Forcing on Snowbands in Midlatitude Winter Cyclones
Doppler velocity retrievals from airborne radar can be used to derive kinematic properties of the environmental wind field, including horizontal deformation and divergence. Deformation is a particularly important factor in midlatitude winter storms, as it is a component of frontogenesis. Elongated bands of heavy snowfall are ...
Impacts of Biomass Burning on Ozone, Particulate Matter, and Carbon Dioxide in the Northwest U.S.
Wildfires (or Biomass Burning events) in the northwest U.S. have been increasing in size and frequency throughout the last few decades. This significantly affects vulnerable populations through hazardous fine particulate matter (diameter < 2.5 µm [PM2.5]) and/or ozone (O3) exposure, loss of habitat and homes, and causes ...