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Restoring function after neuromuscular trauma: novel paradigms for enhancing volitional control of neural activity in untethered environments and vHAB, a gamified therapy platform
Individuals suffering from neuromuscular traumas, such as stroke and spinal cord injury, face limited options in regaining motor function after injury. Emerging methods in brain-machine interfaces aim to assist individuals by directly connecting brain signals with assistive technologies. Human BMI studies are limited, leaving ...
Increased Anatomical Specificity for Neuromodulation Using Modulated Focused Ultrasound
Transcranial ultrasound can alter brain function transiently and nondestructively, offering a new tool to study brain function now and to inform future therapies. Previous research on neuromodulation implemented pulsed low-frequency ultrasound with spatial peak temporal average intensities (ISPTA) of 0.1-10 W/cm2. That work ...
Comprehensive automated analysis of three-dimensional brain cell-resolution imaging data
Neuroimaging techniques provide immensely valuable data for medical professionals and academic researchers alike, but analysis of these data is difficult and often relies on subjective interpretations. This project proposes and implements an automated method for comprehensive analysis of brain cell-resolution images acquired ...
Microfluidic Platforms for Focal Stimulation of Muscle Cells and Large-scale Studies of Synaptogenesis
A central question in neurobiology is how the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) forms and maintains its high density of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in development. Although many of the molecules involved in NMJ synaptogenesis have been identified, the exact mechanisms by which the synaptogenic protein agrin induces and stabilizes ...
Glassy Carbon μECoG Electrode Array for In-vivo Sensing and Stimulation
Current neural-prosthetic devices fail to provide high-quality signals with good resolution for long periods of time. This is due to changes in the device-tissue interface, mostly in the form of device degradation and macrophage/microglia encapsulation. A novel material for neural interfaces, glassy carbon (GC) provides tunable ...
Expanding the Reach of Electrocorticographic Brain-Computer Interfaces: A Bimanual Approach
Brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies have traditionally been designed under the assumption that BCI users are patients who no longer exhibit any significant motor control abilities, due in part to deficits resulting from neuromuscular disease. Of particular interest is the activity that occurs in motor related areas ...
Closed-Loop Neural Engineering Approaches to Motor Rehabilitation
Here I present several approaches to applying engineering design principles to the central nervous system with the goal of using closed-loop approaches to enhance rehabilitative processes. These approaches cover invasive access to the brain and spinal cord, as well as physical rehabilitation techniques that employ closed loop ...
Human psychophysics of direct cortical stimulation of somatosensory cortex
Feedback is a vital part of any control system, and somatosensory feedback is essential for efficient and precise movement. Thus, future rehabilitative brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), such as neuroprostheses, require the integration of somatosensory feedback for improved control. Such bidirectional BCIs (BBCIs) will both ...
Enabling Brain-Computer Interface Co-Adaptation with Performance-Related Signals
Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) have the potential to positively impact the lives of many people with sensorimotor disabilities due to neurological conditions, such as spinal cord injury and stroke. Through BCIs, individuals are able to interact with their surroundings and perform simple daily tasks independently, which once ...
Modulating Neuroinflammation with Porous Templated Scaffolds
Neuroelectronic interfaces can restore mobility and independence for patients with neurological conditions such as spinal cord injury, stroke, or limb loss. However, unstable neural recording performance remains unresolved. Via the foreign body reaction, macrophages and glial cells develop a “glial scar” around implants, ...