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Browsing Biostatistics by Title
Now showing items 27-46 of 215
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Analysis of binary longitudinal data with dropout and death
(2002)Dropout (attrition) is a common challenge in analysis of longitudinal data. Additionally, data records may be truncated due to the death of study participants. Response data missing due to death are often modeled by the ... -
Analysis of Bivariate Censored Longitudinal Data: A Case Study
Laboratory measurements that are below the limit of detection (LOD) are common in continuous longitudinal data in the biomedical sciences. The presence of these left-censored values, or non-detects (NDs), complicates the ... -
Analysis of Infectious Disease Incidence and Complex Survey Data in Space and Time
Immunization is one of the most cost-effective health interventions for preventing infectious diseases. Despite the tremendous advances in global immunization coverage in the past few decades, challenges remain in many ... -
Approaches for Developing Treatment Rules
The availability of scientific knowledge and the strength of supporting statistical evidence for efficacy of available treatments varies considerably across clinical settings. Nonetheless, the goal of clinicians remains ... -
Aspects of matching and power in group randomized trials
(2001)A group randomized trial is an experiment in which groups, such as communities, schools or workplaces, are randomized to receive treatment or act as controls. Frequently, the number of groups is small. Because it is the ... -
Assessing accuracy of a continuous medical diagnostic or screening test in the presence of verification bias
(2000)In studies to assess accuracy of a medical diagnostic or screening test, often definitive disease assessment is too invasive or expensive to be ascertained in all subjects. It makes practical and ethical sense to select a ... -
Assessing measurement error correction for genotype imputation in GWAS
(2013-04-17)Abstract not available -
Assessing the Accuracy of Provider Profiling Methods for Classification
(2012-09-13)Provider profiling as a means to describe and compare performance of health care professionals has gained great momentum in the past decade. The implications of profiling, which can drive provider incentives and guide ... -
Assessing Vaccine Effects in HIV-1 Vaccine Trials: Antigenic Maps, Antigen Selection, and Sieve Analysis
(2014-02-24)The goal of vaccination against infectious disease is a net population effect on the risk of infection and/or disease progression. In HIV-1 vaccine development efforts to date only a single HIV-1 vaccine trial has shown ... -
Assessing Vaccine Effects on Infectiousness in COVID-19 Vaccine Trials
Vaccines have played an important role in the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical trials for several candidate vaccines demonstrated high efficacy at pre- venting severe / symptomatic disease. These ... -
The Bayesian Analysis of Data Arising from Complex Sampling Designs
(2013-04-17)The majority of this thesis concerns the development of Bayesian methods for two-phase studies. A two-phase study is a study design in which limited information (including outcome) is known for a large "first-phase" study ... -
Bayesian estimation of participants’ adherence in an HIV prevention trial using multiple data sources and pharmacokinetic models
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is an HIV prevention practice which uses antiretrovial drugs to keep HIV-negative individuals from infection with HIV. One of the antiretrovi ral drugs that is usually used for HIV treatment ... -
Bayesian Hierarchical Frailty Models for Heterogeneity in Risk
The effect of an intervention or exposure on time-to-event is most commonly estimated with the Cox model, which assumes proportional hazards. When heterogeneity in risk is present, the assumption of proportionality is ... -
Bayesian Modeling of Partially Observed Epidemic Count Data
Epidemic count data reported by public health surveillance systems reflect the incidence or prevalence of an infectious agent as it spreads through a population. They are a primary source of information for shaping response ... -
Behavioral Carry-Over Effects and Power Considerations in Crossover Trials
The carry-over effect remains an outstanding concern in crossover trials when washout periods cannot sufficiently diminish their impacts. This can occur in comparative effectiveness research where carry-over effects are ... -
Bias-Corrected Least Squares (BCLS) Method for Estimating Parameters in Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations Models with Mixed-Effects
Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) is a popular framework for modeling temporal dynamics in a variety of scientific settings. When repeated measurements are available for the dynamic process, it is of great interest to ... -
Biostatistical Methods for HIV Monitoring and Prevention
Part I Pooled-testing methods can greatly reduce the number of tests needed to identify failures in a collection of samples. Existing methodology has focused primarily on binary tests, but there is a clear need for improved ... -
Brain Connectivity Networks in Theory and Practice
The main purpose of this thesis is to develop statistical methods to explore the human brain connectivity and its relationship to cognitive diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Among a variety of different imaging methods, ... -
Causal inference in HIV vaccine trials: comparing outcomes in a subset chosen after randomization
(2005)In many experiments researchers would like to compare between treatments an outcome that only exists in a subset of participants selected after randomization. For example, in preventative HIV vaccine efficacy trials it is ... -
Causal Inference with Selection and Confounding Variables
Most complex observational and randomized studies are motivated by the potential of drawing causal statements. However, a usual statistical analysis may yield estimates that do not have causal interpretations. In fact, ...