Browsing Biostatistics by Title
Now showing items 57-76 of 215
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Data-adaptive Estimation in Longitudinal Data Structures with Applications in Vaccine Efficacy Trials
This dissertation develops methodology for data-adaptive estimation of parameters defined on longitudinal data structures, while this abstract serves as an introduction to the material covered herein. The dissertation is ... -
Data-Adaptive Modeling using Convex Regression
The collection and storage of large amounts of data has greatly increased in recent years, which has led to a greater interest in developing methods to explore and model this data. In settings in which little is known about ... -
Dimension Reduction for Spatially-Misaligned and Multi-Pollutant Data with Missing Observations
Accurate predictions of pollutant concentrations at new locations are often of interest in air pollution studies, in which data are usually not measured at all study locations. Ambient air is also a mixture of many chemical ... -
Disequilibrium fine-mapping of a rare allele via coalescent models of gene ancestry
(1998)Genetic linkage studies based on pedigree data have limited resolution, due to the relatively small number of segregations. Disequilibrium mapping, which uses population associations to infer the location of a disease ... -
Distribution-Free Approaches to Assessing the Potential Clinical Impact of Biomarkers
Recent advances in basic science, combined with new technologies that enable measurement of sophisticated biological processes, present numerous opportunities for advancing the clinical care of patients. A basic tenet of ... -
Effect of Time Measurement Error on Assessing Treatments with Time Dependent Effect
In the emergency medicine setting, it is often difficult to accurately record the time of injury without measurement error. If the treatment effect varies depending on the time from injury to treatment initiation, this ... -
Effects of HAART and Time on the Beta Diversity of Breast Milk Microbiome in HIV-infected Postpartum Women
Introduction - Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been used in HIV-infected pregnant women to suppress viral replication and reduce perinatal transmission. However, the influence of HAART on the breast milk ... -
Efficient Estimation Under Data Fusion
This dissertation introduced a general framework and approach for researchers to tackle data fusion problems in generality. The following three chapters contribute to a cohesive narrative, wherein each chapter addresses a ... -
Estimating optimal surrogate endpoints by machine learning and targeted minimum loss-based estimation in two-phase sampling studies
This dissertation provides contributions in two areas: the application of TMLE in estimation of an optimal surrogate and implementation of inverse probability of censoring weighted targeted minimum loss-based estimation ... -
Estimating time to intermediate endpoints using population-level survival data and deconvolution methods, with application to cancer progression and recurrence
Individuals diagnosed with cancer progress through disease stages with transition rates that are often unobserved but potentially estimable. We focus on deconvolution as a method to partition population-level survival data ... -
Estimation and Comparison of HIV-Specific Substitution Matrices
Amino acid substitution matrices are commonly used for sequence alignment, phylogenetic inference and sequence comparison. Empirical organism-specific substitution matrices constructed using only sequence data from a ... -
Estimation and Conditional Inference in High-Dimensional Statistical Models
In many areas of biology, recent advances in technology have facilitated the measurement of large numbers of features, while the number of observations in a data set may remain relatively modest. In this setting, lasso ... -
Estimation of an Exposure Effect on Outcome Rate of Change in Observational Study Settings
Mixed models for longitudinal analysis have several well-established benefits, including gaining information from unbalanced data and depending on less restrictive assumptions about missing data than other methods such as ... -
Estimation of higher-order two-phase regression models
Two-phase regression models are a class of nonlinear regression models that are known for their flexibility and interpretability. An important feature of two-phase regression models is the existence of a threshold at which ... -
Estimators of Effect Modification of Cumulative Incidence: Aalen-Johansen and Targeted Minimum Loss-based Estimator
In time to event settings there are many occasions in which multiple events can occur. This competing risks phenomenon is often encountered in vaccine trials when interest is given to efficacy against a specific subtype ... -
Evaluating New Matrix Pooled Testing Methods for Detecting HIV Treatment Failure with and without Covariate Information
University of Washington Abstract Evaluating New Matrix Pooled Testing Methods for Detecting HIV Treatment Failure with and without Covariate Information Adam Brand Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Susanne May, Associate ... -
Evaluating prediction performance of longitudinal biomarkers under cohort and two-phase study designs
Risk prediction and evaluation of predictions based on longitudinal biomarkers are of interest in treatment selection, preventive medicine and management of chronic diseases. Methods to evaluate risk predictions in a ... -
Evaluating the Accuracy of Approximate Power and Sample Size Calculations for Logistic Regression
This master’s thesis evaluates and implements power, sample size and effect size calculations for logistic regression. The earlier sections set up an ordinary logistic regression model, review the current approaches including ... -
Evaluating the Performance of Different Multiple Imputation Methods When Imputing Missingness in Time-Series-Cross-Sectional Data
This thesis evaluates the performance of different multiple imputation methods in imputing country-level proportions of key indicators that are missing in time-series-cross-sectional (TSCS) data. When imputing the country-level ... -
An Evaluation of Adaptive Clinical Trial Designs with Pre-specified Rules for Modifying the Sampling Plan
(2013-02-25)Adaptive clinical trial design has been proposed as a promising new approach that may improve the drug discovery process. A comprehensive evaluation of adaptation should balance potential flexibility and efficiency gains ...