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Browsing Epidemiology by Title
Now showing items 98-117 of 719
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Barriers to WIC Benefits Redemption among Participants in Washington State
(2014-02-24)<bold>Objective:</bold> To generate knowledge about the experience of using Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children (WIC) checks to improve WIC check redemption rates. <bold>Design:</bold> ... -
Beta Lactam and Other Antibiotic Allergies in Solid Organ and Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients
Background Patients with reported beta lactam antibiotic allergies (BLA) are more likely to receive broad-spectrum antibiotics and experience adverse outcomes. Data on the burden of beta lactam and other antibiotic allergies ... -
Beverage consumption and perceived healthfulness among parents, and investigation of spillover effects: Insights from the Seattle Sweetened Beverage Tax
Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes are generally adopted with the goal of reducing SSB consumption and improving public health. Extensive research on local SSB excise taxes in the US shows that taxes consistently increase ... -
Birth-to-pregnancy intervals and adverse perinatal outcomes among African-born black women in Washington State.
Background: Short birth-to-pregnancy (BTP) intervals are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The number of African-born blacks currently living in the U.S. exceeds 1.6 million. However, little is known about BTP ... -
Body mass index and risk of recurrence and mortality of luminal, triple-negative, and HER2- overexpressing breast cancer
Breast cancer is a leading cause of death of women worldwide, and there is an understanding that risk factors for breast cancer recurrence and mortality differ by subtype. The most common subtypes are: luminal (estrogen ... -
Body Mass Index and Risks of Recurrence and Mortality by Breast Cancer Subtype
Background A key modifiable risk factor that may contribute to breast cancer prognosis is body mass index (BMI). Triple negative (TN) and HER2-overexpressing (H2E) breast cancers are particularly aggressive molecular ... -
Breastfeeding is associated with decreased pneumonia incidence among HIV-exposed, uninfected Kenyan infants
(2013-04-17)<bold>Background:</bold> HIV-exposed uninfected (HIV-EU) infants have higher infectious disease morbidity and mortality than their unexposed peers. Pneumonia is a leading cause of infant mortality worldwide, and identifying ... -
Cadmium Burden and Blood Pressure
Background Hypertension, or high blood pressure (BP) affects 1 in 3 adults worldwide and is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. A growing body of literature has implicated toxic heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd), ... -
Can Artificial Intelligence based Automated CT Brain Interpretation Software help Early Clinical Decision Making for Stroke Patients in Real World Resource Limited Settings with Non-Specialist Physicians? An Interrupted Time Series Study from Tezpur, Assam, India
We evaluated the impact of an AI (Artificial Intelligence) based software for automated interpretation of CT brain through a retrospective interrupted time series study at a rural hospital in Tezpur, India, that is managed ... -
Can passive smoking explain the higher radiation-related excess relative risk of lung cancer for women compared to men among atomic bomb survivors?
Analyses of the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of atomic bomb survivors have shown a sex difference in the incidence of lung cancer in relation to radiation exposure. Specifically, the excess relative risk (ERR) of lung ... -
Cancer incidence, mortality, and immunotherapy outcomes in relation to sleep problems: Results from Cardiovascular Health Study and a cancer immunotherapy cohort
Background: Sleep problems (SP) affect a large proportion of adults: an estimated 50-70 million U.S. adults suffer from sleep problems. Among numerous potential health consequences, sleep problems may be adversely associated ... -
Cancer survival prediction of six cancer types with germline whole-exome sequencing data from the UK Biobank
Background: One of the most important tasks in cancer genomics is to predict cancer prognosis based on genetic signatures. We aim to apply machine learning approaches to germline whole-exome sequencing (WES) data to predict ... -
Cardiovascular Health Effects of 100% Fruit Juice Versus Whole Fruit in Postmenopausal Women: Results from the Women’s Health Initiative
Introduction We investigated whether 100% fruit juice and whole fruit were independently related to incident hypertension or incident type 2 diabetes. Methods We included women 50-79 years old enrolled in the Women’s Health ... -
Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Memory Function in Nepal: Findings from the Dhulikhel Heart Study
Background: Although a growing number of studies are focusing their attention on cognitive domains, fewer studies have been conducted in developing countries. Previous studies have suggested that cardiovascular disease ... -
Care-seeking correlates of acute respiratory illness among sheltered homeless adults in Seattle, WA: a community-based cross-sectional study
Objectives: To evaluate viral respiratory infection and health care seeking behavior in sheltered homeless individuals, and assess factors that may impact the decision to seek care for acute respiratory illness (ARI). ... -
Cattle-associated risk factors for human tuberculosis in rural livestock keeping communities, Uganda
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading infectious cause of human death worldwide. TB can also infect cattle, resulting in productivity losses, trade barriers, and zoonotic transmission via milk, meat, or direct contact. While the ... -
Cervical cancer prevention in the context of abating HIV prevalence in Kenya
In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched an initiative to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem globally. While high-income countries are expected to achieve this goal in the coming decades, the ... -
Cervical Cancer Screening Rates in Females Living with HIV at Three Healthcare Settings in the United States, 2010-2019
Females living with HIV (FLWHIV) are at greater risk of developing cervical cancer compared to females without HIV. National cervical cancer screening guidelines recommend more frequent screening for FLWHIV to address their ... -
Changes in vaginal bacteria and inflammatory mediators from periconception through early-postpartum in a cohort of HIV-negative Kenyan women
Background: Women’s increased risk of HIV acquisition during pregnancy and the postpartum period maybe mediated by changes in vaginal microbiota and/or cytokines. Methods: A cohort of HIV-1-seronegative Kenyan women ... -
Changing etiologies in childhood acute febrile illness: implications for management in an era of declining malaria
Background: Acute febrile illness (AFI) is a common syndrome among children presenting to a healthcare facility in resource-limited settings and a substantial contributor to childhood mortality. In sub-Saharan Africa, ...