Browsing Epidemiology by Title
Now showing items 402-421 of 719
-
Joint association between endogenous sex hormones, genetic risk factors, and incident venous thromboembolism in women
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with genetic variations and the use of exogenous hormones such as oral contraceptives and hormone therapy. Previous studies have shown an inconsistent association between endogenous ... -
Kaposi's sarcoma and sexually transmitted disease
(1999)Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common neoplasm among people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A compelling body of evidence suggests that KS is caused by a novel human herpesvirus, referred to as Kaposi's ... -
Karibu na sirenji (Near the Syringe): Applying mixed methods to characterize the HIV risk environment and gender differences among persons who inject drugs in Nairobi, Kenya
In Kenya, people who inject drugs (PWID) are considered a key population that are disproportionately affected by the HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) epidemics, with prevalence estimates reaching upwards of 19-25% and 11-36%, ... -
KIR gene content variation and risk of vulvar and cervical cancer: a population-based case-control study
(2014-02-24)The killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) bind to MHC class I molecules that have been associated with risk of cervical and vulvar cancer. We investigated whether variation in KIR gene content was associated ... -
KRAS Codon 12 and Codon 13 Mutations in Relation to Overall Survival among Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Oncogenic mutations in KRAS codon 12 and codon 13 within exon 2 are frequently occurring mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the existing published data on the association of KRAS codon 12 and codon 13 mutations ... -
Left atrial strain and the risk of arrhythmias on extended ambulatory cardiac monitoring: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Background: Abnormalities in left atrial (LA) function can be identified before the development of overt LA structural changes. Little is known about the relationship between LA function and the risk of subclinical atrial ... -
Lethal Means Assessment in Psychiatric Emergency Services: Frequency and Characteristics of Assessment
Lethal means safety is an effective suicide prevention strategy with demonstrated results at the population and policy level, yet uptake at the individual-level is less well understood. Using automated data extraction ... -
Life’s Simple 7 in relation to supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias on extended ambulatory cardiac monitoring: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Background: The Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) metric consists of seven health behaviors and measures that are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Relatively little is known about the association of LS7 score with cardiac ... -
Lipid Genotypes, Phenotypes, and Colorectal Polyps
Studies linking cholesterol levels to colorectal neoplasia have been inconsistent. This dissertation aimed to clarify whether dyslipidemia is a risk factor for adenomatous or non-adenomatous colorectal polyps using ... -
Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, associated factors, and colorectal cancer
BACKGROUND - Recent research has pointed to a possible key role of gut microbial communities (GMC) in understanding the link between obesity, chronic inflammation, and the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) [1]. While ... -
Lithium Deficiency in Parkinson's Disease
(2013-07-25)It is undisputed in the literature that lithium is essential to human health, but a lithium deficiency syndrome has yet to be defined. Lithium deficiency has been associated with learning disorders, violent crime, impulse ... -
Livestock and the epidemiology of sleeping sickness: mechanisms and implications
In recent decades, remarkable progress in the control of Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT)---a bloodborne protozoal parasite transmitted by the tsetse fly (Glossina species)---has led the WHO to set targets for elimination ... -
Local-level Association of Social Deprivation and Serious Injuries in Washington State: An Ecological Cross-sectional Study
Background Injuries, a major source of morbidity and mortality, are associated with social determinants of health. To inform strategic prioritization and targeting of injury prevention resources, there is a need to better ... -
Long COVID in young adults on a university campus
Objective: To determine the prevalence of long COVID in young adults in a university setting and to describe risk factors for long COVID in this population Methods: This is a prospective cohort study conducted between ... -
Long-Term Air Pollution in Relation to Cardiac Structure, Function, and Supraventricular Arrhythmias
Background: Air pollution is an important contributor to cardiovascular morbidity, including risk of heart failure. Acute exposure is associated with inflammation, elevation of blood pressure, and episodes of atrial ... -
Long-term Neurocognitive Outcomes in Adult Survivors of Hematopoietic Cell Transplant
Survivors of hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) are at risk for neurocognitive impairments, which can impact quality of life. Given limited long-term studies, we aimed to characterize the late neurocognitive outcomes in ... -
Long-term risk of recurrence of pre-cancerous cervical lesions among women living with HIV in Kenya
Introduction Women living with HIV (WLHIV) have a six-fold increased risk of developing cervical cancer compared to HIV-uninfected women. Despite this, limited data exists on the recurrence of precancerous cervical lesions ... -
Longitudinal Association between Greenspace and Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence from MESA
This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal association between the abundance of nearby greenspace in urban and suburban environments and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Data was used from the Multi-Ethnic Study ... -
Longitudinal Associations of Branched-chain and Aromatic Amino Acids with Decreased Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity among Japanese Americans
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by diminished insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Identification of metabolic biomarkers such as branched-chain (BCAA) and aromatic amino acids (AAA) that could be ... -
Macrophage infiltration of human adipose tissue and its association with systemic inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease
(2013-04-17)Macrophages accumulate in expanding adipose tissue where they produce and secrete inflammatory cytokines known to impair insulin action. "Classically activated" (i.e., pro-inflammatory) adipose tissue macrophages (ATM) are ...