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Browsing Epidemiology by Title
Now showing items 460-479 of 719
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Occupational Exposures and Subclinical Interstitial Lung Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Air- Lung Study
Rationale: The impact of a broad range of occupational exposures on subclinical interstitial lung disease (ILD) has not been studied. Objectives: To determine whether occupational exposures to vapors, gas, dust, and fumes ... -
Oral health status in infants and toddlers enrolled in Early Head Start in Seattle and factors related to their oral health
(2013-11-14)Purpose: To assess dental caries by the level (prevalence) and the degree (mean dmfs) of the disease, as well as to investigate which factors regarding parents' behaviors related to oral health, oral hygiene and diet may ... -
Organochlorine pesticides, phthalate metabolites, and risk of endometriosis
(2013-07-25)Background: Endometriosis is an estrogen-driven benign gynecologic condition that may be affected by exposure to environmental chemicals that mimic or alter endogenous hormonal activity, such as organochlorine pesticides ... -
Osteoporosis Medication Use and Fracture Risk in the Women’s Health Initiative
BACKGROUND: Evidence is inconclusive about whether long-term (>3-5 years) bisphosphonate therapy reduces or increases fracture risk. This dissertation examined the association of long-term bisphosphonate use with fracture, ... -
Outcomes of Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcal Necrotizing Skin and Soft Tissue Infections and the Impact of Clindamycin Resistance
Background: Beta-hemolytic streptococci are frequently implicated in necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI). Clindamycin administration may improve outcomes in patients with serious streptococcal infections. However, ... -
Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation Among Undocumented Immigrants in the United States
BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), but undocumented immigrants in the United States are often excluded from health insurance coverage necessary to undergo kidney ... -
Outcomes of Wraparound Care Coordination for Youth with Complex Behavioral Health Needs
Background. Approximately 10% of youth in the US are estimated to experience “serious emotional disorder,” or SED. Wraparound is a commonly implemented care coordination process for youth with SED and complex needs, but ... -
Outpatient Antibiotic Parenteral Therapy in Vulnerable Populations—People Who Inject Drugs and the Homeless
Background: Serious infections that require prolonged parenteral antimicrobial therapy are common among people who inject drugs (PWID) and people who are homeless; and creating an outpatient antibiotic treatment plan can ... -
Overcoming Barriers to HIV/STD Partner Services in Kenya and the United States
Increasing the proportion of people living with HIV and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) who know their status is critical to curbing the HIV and STD epidemics. Partner services (PS) are a core public health strategy ... -
Parkinsonism and pesticide exposure among rural residents of Washington State
(1999)Objective. To determine the prevalence of parkinsonism among a cohort of rural men, primarily orchardists, and to examine associations between that prevalence and smoking, occupational pesticide use, and MAO-B and ND1/4216 ... -
Partner Disclosure And Early CD4 Response Among HIV-Infected Adults Initiating Antiretroviral Treatment In Nairobi, Kenya
Background: Disclosure of HIV sero-status can have significant positive implications for people living with HIV/AIDS. However, there is limited data on whether partner disclosure influences ART treatment response. Methods: ... -
Pathogenic Variant Status of High-Risk Genes, Polygenic, Epidemiological Risk Factors, and Utilization of Risk Management Options in Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with multiple established risk factors, which include high-penetrance germline variants in cancer predisposition genes such as ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, and PALB2. Additionally, ... -
Patient-reported receipt of goal-concordant care among seriously ill outpatients - prevalence and associated factors
Goal-concordant care is an important indicator of high-quality care in serious illness. We sought to estimate the prevalence of patient-reported receipt of goal-concordant care among seriously ill outpatients and identify ... -
Patterns in completion of colorectal cancer screening using fecal immunochemical tests in a health maintenance organization setting
Background: Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a home-based stool test for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and an effective means to improve rates of CRC screening overall, and thus reduce CRC mortality. We investigated ... -
Patterns in Sexual Behavior and STI Risk among MSM using ART to Treat or Prevent HIV
Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) face a disproportionately high burden of HIV. Recent advances in biomedical prevention of HIV such as treatment as prevention (TasP) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) promise ... -
Patterns of acute kidney injury and functional outcome scores in pediatric patients hospitalized with acute respiratory failure
BackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) is diagnosed in up to 30% of children admitted to pediatric intensive care units (PICU) and is strongly associated with morbidity and mortality. In recent years, there has been an increased ... -
Patterns of obesogenic neighborhood features and residential property values
(2012-09-13)Obesity is a growing problem in the United States, and past research has investigated ways in which neighborhood characteristics may influence obesity prevalence. However, studying features of the obesogenic neighborhood ... -
Pedestrian Safety in Peru: The role of visible signalization, transit stops and other features of the built environment
(2013-04-17)<bold>Background:</bold> In Peru, pedestrians are 78% of road fatality victims. The objective of the study was to explore the relationship between signalization for pedestrians, bus stop characteristics, and other features ... -
Pediatric HIV: Immunologic and Virologic Response to Antiretroviral Therapy
Background: Virologic and immunologic responses to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in infants may differ from older children and adults due to immunologic, clinical or epidemiologic characteristics. There are few longitudinal ... -
Pediatric Solid Organ Injury Operative Interventions at Harborview Medical Center, 2001 to 2012
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Pediatric Solid Organ Injury Pathway at Harborview Medical Center (HMC): to determine what proportion of pediatric solid organ injury patients qualify for care under this ...