Browsing Epidemiology by Title
Now showing items 469-488 of 719
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Parkinsonism and pesticide exposure among rural residents of Washington State
(1999)Objective. To determine the prevalence of parkinsonism among a cohort of rural men, primarily orchardists, and to examine associations between that prevalence and smoking, occupational pesticide use, and MAO-B and ND1/4216 ... -
Partner Disclosure And Early CD4 Response Among HIV-Infected Adults Initiating Antiretroviral Treatment In Nairobi, Kenya
Background: Disclosure of HIV sero-status can have significant positive implications for people living with HIV/AIDS. However, there is limited data on whether partner disclosure influences ART treatment response. Methods: ... -
Pathogenic Variant Status of High-Risk Genes, Polygenic, Epidemiological Risk Factors, and Utilization of Risk Management Options in Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with multiple established risk factors, which include high-penetrance germline variants in cancer predisposition genes such as ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, and PALB2. Additionally, ... -
Patient-reported receipt of goal-concordant care among seriously ill outpatients - prevalence and associated factors
Goal-concordant care is an important indicator of high-quality care in serious illness. We sought to estimate the prevalence of patient-reported receipt of goal-concordant care among seriously ill outpatients and identify ... -
Patterns in completion of colorectal cancer screening using fecal immunochemical tests in a health maintenance organization setting
Background: Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a home-based stool test for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and an effective means to improve rates of CRC screening overall, and thus reduce CRC mortality. We investigated ... -
Patterns in Sexual Behavior and STI Risk among MSM using ART to Treat or Prevent HIV
Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) face a disproportionately high burden of HIV. Recent advances in biomedical prevention of HIV such as treatment as prevention (TasP) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) promise ... -
Patterns of acute kidney injury and functional outcome scores in pediatric patients hospitalized with acute respiratory failure
BackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) is diagnosed in up to 30% of children admitted to pediatric intensive care units (PICU) and is strongly associated with morbidity and mortality. In recent years, there has been an increased ... -
Patterns of obesogenic neighborhood features and residential property values
(2012-09-13)Obesity is a growing problem in the United States, and past research has investigated ways in which neighborhood characteristics may influence obesity prevalence. However, studying features of the obesogenic neighborhood ... -
Pedestrian Safety in Peru: The role of visible signalization, transit stops and other features of the built environment
(2013-04-17)<bold>Background:</bold> In Peru, pedestrians are 78% of road fatality victims. The objective of the study was to explore the relationship between signalization for pedestrians, bus stop characteristics, and other features ... -
Pediatric HIV: Immunologic and Virologic Response to Antiretroviral Therapy
Background: Virologic and immunologic responses to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in infants may differ from older children and adults due to immunologic, clinical or epidemiologic characteristics. There are few longitudinal ... -
Pediatric Solid Organ Injury Operative Interventions at Harborview Medical Center, 2001 to 2012
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Pediatric Solid Organ Injury Pathway at Harborview Medical Center (HMC): to determine what proportion of pediatric solid organ injury patients qualify for care under this ... -
Performance of commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for diagnosis of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection in a clinical setting
Background FDA-approved ELISA assays for determining type-specific herpes simplex virus (HSV) serostatus are widely used in clinics. We compared the performance of such assays with the University of Washington western ... -
Perinatal characteristics, maternal reproductive history and juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A case-control study
(2012-09-13)Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of chronic inflammatory arthritis conditions in children with onset before 16 years of age, and is the leading cause of acquired short and long-term ... -
Perinatal depression and adverse infant outcomes among Kenyan mother-infant pairs
Pregnancy and postpartum are periods of high vulnerability to mental disorder. More than 1 in 10 women experience a mental disorder during pregnancy and 13% after delivery, most commonly depression. Pregnancy and postpartum ... -
Perpetration of Interpersonal Violence, Incarceration, and Subsequent Risk for Firearm Suicide
Suicide is a major public health concern in the United States. The recent growth in the burden of suicide has disproportionately impacted marginalized communities and those of lower socioeconomic status. This dissertation ... -
Pharmacogenetic determinants of calcineurin inhibitor associated nephrotoxicity in liver transplant patients
(2013-11-14)The use of calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus and cyclosporine) has become standard of care in post-transplant immunosuppression. While these medications have greatly reduced organ rejection, they can cause nephrotoxicity ... -
Phase 2 randomized open label adaptive platform clinical trial of the clinical and biological effects of IC14 treatment in patients with severe COVID-19
Background: In I-SPY COVID, a Phase 2 randomized open label adaptive platform clinical trial, we examined the clinical efficacy of the anti-CD14 monoclonal antibody IC14 for patients with severe COVID-19 requiring high-level ... -
Physical Activity and Clinical Outcomes in the Setting of Chronic Kidney Disease
(2013-02-25)Background: Physical activity promotes diverse metabolic benefits that may counteract the toxic biochemical environment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We tested the hypotheses that greater physical activity levels are ... -
Physical Activity and Subclinical Measures of Atherosclerosis: Study Replication and Sensitivity Analysis
Abstract Physical Activity and Subclinical Measures of Atherosclerosis: Study Replication and Sensitivity Analysis Julian Jonn Nilsson Whitford Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Lecturer Michelle Averill Environmental ... -
Physical Activity Program Participation and the Risk of Falls for Older Group Health Members
Introduction: Falls are one of the biggest health concerns for aging adults. Despite evidence suggesting the importance of regular physical activity (PA) for reducing fall risk, few older adults engage in fall-prevention-oriented ...