Browsing Epidemiology by Title
Now showing items 586-605 of 719
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Safer Conception Among HIV-1 Sero-Discordant Couples in East Africa: Understanding Knowledge, Attitudes, and Experiences
Context: Supporting people affected by HIV-1 in achieving their reproductive goals while minimizing the risk of HIV-1 transmission is a public health imperative. Background: For HIV-1 serodiscordant couples, HIV-1 exposure ... -
Safety of oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-based pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: prospective studies in HIV-uninfected men and women
Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) alone or when co-formulated with emtricitabine (FTC), the same medication used for treatment of HIV infection, is a recommended and ... -
Seat belt design and risk of injury in rollover crashes: a comparison of conventional and seat-integrated restraints
(2013-11-14)<bold>Background:</bold> Passenger vehicles in the United States currently utilize two seat belt designs: frame-mounted ("conventional restraints"; most common) and seat-mounted ("seat-integrated restraints.") The relative ... -
Selecting strategies for implementation and comparing strategy prioritization methods for improving PrEP delivery in maternal and child health clinics in Kenya
In high HIV prevalence settings, women are at elevated risk for HIV during pregnancy and postpartum, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended during this period. Integration of PrEP into maternal and child health ... -
Seroadaptive behaviors among Seattle men who have sex with men (MSM): a shift in operationalization, trends, and association with HIV/STI
Many men who have sex with men (MSM) engage in seroadaptive behaviors – i.e., chose their sex partners, selectively use condoms, or adopt a sexual role based on their partner’s HIV sero-status. Some of these behaviors may ... -
Serum Concentrations of Novel Vitamin D Biomarkers and Detection of Prevalent High-Risk HPV Infection
Introduction: Vitamin D has potential immunomodulating benefits in infection. While one prior population-based cross-sectional study showed a protective association between serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and high-risk HPV ... -
Severe Infection and Mortality in Kenyan Newborns
This dissertation addresses severe neonatal infection and neonatal mortality in high-burden settings. Worldwide, almost half of all deaths in children under 5 years of age occur in the neonatal period (days 0-27 of life). ... -
Sex Misclassification in the BRFSS and its Implications for Assessing Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Reproductive Health: A Quantitative Bias Analysis
National surveys based on probability sampling methods, such as the Behavior Risk Factor and Surveillance Survey (BRFSS), are crucial tools for unbiased estimates of disparities in health and healthcare access among gender ... -
Sex-specific Associations of Maternal Birthweight with Offspring Birthweight in the Omega Study: The role of pre-pregnancy body mass index
Background: Birth weight is an indicator of fetal growth and development, important determinants of life course health. Maternal birthweight (BW) is one of the strongest predictors of offspring BW, perpetuating generational ... -
Sexual Behavior Patterns and Condom Use in Newly Sexually Active Female University Students
Objectives: Describe sexual behavior patterns and condom use in newly sexually active female university students. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study (years 2000 – 2007) of university women enrolled either ... -
Sexual minority mental health: investigating the association between sexual identity, depressive symptoms and suicide attempts in a community sample of adolescents
Background: Previous studies have highlighted the elevated risk of depression and suicidality among sexual minority youth (SMY). However, few studies have investigated effect modifiers of the association between sexual ... -
Sexual minority mental health: investigating the association between sexual identity, depressive symptoms and suicide attempts in a community sample of adolescents
Background: Previous studies have highlighted the elevated risk of depression and suicidality among sexual minority youth (SMY). However, few studies have investigated effect modifiers of the association between sexual ... -
Sexual Orientation and Influenza Vaccine Uptake in the Southern United States
Introduction: Research at the national level suggests that gay or lesbian adults are significantly more likely to receive a flu vaccine compared to straight individuals, however, this relationship has not been explored at ... -
Shifting Perspective – Can Behavioral Health Care Resources Reduce State Firearm Homicide Rates?
IntroductionFirearm homicide rates have risen steadily over the last decade. Two potential forms of intervention discussed by policy makers include firearm safety legislation and behavioral health resources. We sought to ... -
Short and long-term patient outcomes following inhalation injury among burn patients
Objective: Our aim was to assess the effect of inhalation injury on in-hospital and post-discharge morbidity and mortality among burn patients. Summary of background data: There has been no systematic assessment of long-term ... -
SNOT-20 Questionnaire as Predictor of Chronic Rhinosinusitis or Non-sinusitis Facial Pain Disorders
(2012-09-13)Our instructions from the school of public health indicate that we are not required to include an abstract for a Master's thesis. -
Social and economic consequences of injury in a developing nation
(1997)Efforts to study and prevent injury in the developing world are hampered by lack of adequate data sources. Vital statistics registries are often incomplete and health care data may be of limited value as many injured persons ... -
Social Determinants of Asthma in American Indian Children
Background American Indian (AI) / Alaska Native (AN) children have a higher asthma prevalence than white children in the U.S. (9.4% versus 7.7%, respectively). The AI/AN population is extremely diverse; demographic, ... -
Social Determinants of Chronic Pain in the United States
Social aspects of the biopsychosocial framework of pain have been under theorized and under researched. We proposed a theory-driven conceptual framework to expose multilevel intersectional systems of inequity and pathways ... -
Social Support Regarding Abortion Decision and Mental Health Outcomes at Time of Seeking Abortion Services
Background: While the relationship between social support and mental health in the general population is well established, little is known about the role of social support, particularly decision support, in the mental ...