Browsing Immunology by Title
Now showing items 17-36 of 67
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Dermal resident versus recruited γδ T cell response to cutaneous Vaccinia virus infection
The study of T cell immunity at barrier surfaces has largely focused on T cells bearing the αβ T cell receptor. However, T cells that express the γδ T cell receptor are disproportionately represented in peripheral tissues ... -
Development and function of Plasmodium-specific memory B cells during blood stage malaria infection
Humoral immunity to infection depends upon two layers of protection: pre-existing antibodies expressed by long-lived plasma cells and a stable population of rapidly reactive memory B cells (MBCs). If pre-existing antibody ... -
Differentiation and activation of tuft cells tunes type 2 immunity in the small intestine
Type 2 immune responses are elicited by parasitic worm, helminth, infections and are the cause of many allergic diseases. Both helminth infection and allergy are significant global health issues with high prevalence ... -
Discovery of a Novel cGAMP Exporter that Regulates Innate Antiviral Immunity
The DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is important for antiviral and anti-tumor immunity. cGAS generates cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a diffusible cyclic dinucleotide that activates the antiviral response through the ... -
DNA tumor virus oncogenes antagonize the cGAS-STING DNA sensing pathway
A key aspect of antiviral immunity is the induction of type I interferons (IFN) to mediate the effective clearance of a viral infection. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) detects intracellular DNA and signals through the ... -
Early immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: new insights into macrophage heterogeneity and vaccine-mediated responses
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), kills more individuals than any other single infectious agent. The only approved vaccine, BCG, poorly prevents the spread of disease, highlighting ... -
Engineering domain fusion chimeras from I-OnuI family LAGLIDADG homing endonucleases for genome engineering applications
(2013-04-17)Although engineered LAGLIDADG homing endonucleases (LHEs) are finding increasing applications in biotechnology, their generation remains a challenging, industrial-scale process. As new single-chain LAGLIDADG nuclease ... -
The essential, nonredundant roles of RIG-I and MDA5 in detecting and controlling West Nile virus infection
(2014-02-24)Virus recognition and response by the innate immune system are critical components of host defense against infection. Activation of cell-intrinsic immunity and optimal priming of adaptive immunity against West Nile virus ... -
Factors controlling effector T cell responses during central nervous system autoimmunity
IL-17-producing CD4+ T (Th17) cells, along with IFN-gamma-expressing Th1 cells, represent two major pathogenic T cell subsets in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). ... -
Generation and expression of high affinity, tumor antigen-specific mouse and human T cell receptors to genetically modify CD8p+s T cells for adoptive immunotherapy of cancer
(2006)Adoptive T cell immunotherapy has shown promise in treating some cancers, but the challenge of isolating T cells with high avidity for tumor antigens limits large-scale applicability. T cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer ... -
Genome engineering to expand applications of human T-cell immunotherapy
Adoptive T-cell therapy, particularly chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy, is a revolutionary and quickly-evolving means of treating cancer patients who can no longer be helped by standard therapies. In multiple ... -
Hide and Seek: How mycobacteria evade and manipulate cellular immune responses
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative pathogen of human tuberculosis, is one of the most deadly infectious diseases to inflict man, having killed one-quarter of the population of Europe during the 19th century. The ... -
How myelin-specific CD8 T cells contribute to CNS autoimmunity.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). CD4 T cells are implicated in MS pathogenesis and have been the main focus of MS research using the animal model ... -
IL-4 downregulates BCL6 to promote memory B cell selection in germinal centers
Germinal center (GC)-derived memory B cells (MBCs) play a pivotal role in humoral immunity by differentiating into protective antibody-secreting cells upon re-infection. Despite extensive research focused on GC formation ... -
Immune sensing and effector functions of small intestinal tuft cells
Parasitic worm, or helminth, infection represents a significant global health issue, with roughly a quarter of the world’s population estimated to be infected at any given time. The branch of the immune system that evolved ... -
Impact of ligand affinity on CD8 recent thymic emigrant responses to bacterial infection
To explore the relative T cell receptor (TCR) sensitivity of recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) compared to mature naïve T cells, we triggered T cells with altered peptide ligands (APLs) that vary in their affinity for the ... -
Influenza-specific CD4+ Th1 memory cells in the lung can be functionally altered by allergen exposure
CD4+ lung-resident memory T cells (Trm) generated in response to influenza infection confer effective protection against subsequent viral exposures. Whether these cells can be altered by environmental antigens and cytokines ... -
Innate Immune Regulation in HIV Latency
Innate immunity and type 1 interferon (IFN) defenses are critical for early control of HIV-1 infection within CD4+ T cells. Despite these defenses, some acutely infected cells silence viral transcription to become latently ... -
Integrin αvβ3 limits Toll-like receptor type I interferon production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells and restricts autoimmunity
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are strongly implicated as a major source of type I interferon (IFN-I) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), triggered through Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated recognition of nucleic ... -
Interleukin-1 beta signaling induces cell-intrinsic defense programs
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a pleiotropic mediator of inflammation and is produced in response to a wide range of stimuli. During infection, IL-1β production occurs in parallel with the onset of innate antimicrobial ...