Browsing Microbiology by Title
Now showing items 45-64 of 73
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Latent Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpesvirus regulates host factors to induce Lymphangiogenesis and Angiogenesis
(2013-07-25)Kaposi's Sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), the etiologic agent of Kaposi's Sarcoma, is present in the predominant tumor cells of KS, the spindle cells. Spindle cells express markers of lymphatic endothelium and, interestingly, ... -
Mechanism of α-defensin HD5 Inhibition of Human Papillomavirus-16
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant oncogenic virus, but the innate immune response to HPV is poorly understood. Human α-defensin 5 (HD5) is an innate immune effector peptide secreted by epithelial cells in the ... -
Mechanisms of inflammasome activation and inhibition during Yersinia infection
(2013-04-17)The host inflammatory response is strikingly delayed during the initial stages of infection with Yersinia pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis, pathogens that can suppress immune defenses. This work identifies the bacterial ... -
Mechanisms of negative regulation of inflammasome activation
Pyroptosis is an inflammatory program of cell death that is coordinated by the assembly of macromolecular structures known as inflammasomes. Pathogenic Yersinia species have evolved specific mechanisms to inhibit inflammasome ... -
The mechanisms of Pol expression and assembly for human foamy virus
(1999)In this study, I have examined the role of Pol in the replication pathway of HFV. We discovered that unlike all known retroviruses, the Pol protein is expressed independently of Gag from a spliced mRNA, rather than as a ... -
Metabolic control of the ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1
Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 is a facultative methylotroph capable of growth on reduced carbon compounds with no carbon-carbon bonds, as well as multi-carbon compounds. M. extorquens AM1 is widespread in nature and is ... -
Modulating the Antigenicity and Immunogenicity of HIV-1 Envelope by a Conserved N-Linked Glycan
HIV-1 establishes persistent infection in part due to its ability to evade host immune responses. Occlusion by glycans contributes to masking conserved sites that are targets for some broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). ... -
On The Nature of Invasive Salmonella Typhi and African Salmonella Typhimurium
Invasive typhoidal and nontyphoidal Salmonelloses are a significant global burden affecting tens of millions of individuals each year. Typhoid fever and invasive nontyphoidal Salmonellosis (iNTS) are caused by Salmonella ... -
Oral Polymicrobial Communities in Health and Disease
(2013-07-23)The oral microbial community represents the best-characterized consortium associated with the human host. There are strong correlations between the qualitative composition of the oral microbiota and clinically healthy or ... -
Population genetics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 during within-host chronic infection
(2003)Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has high replication and mutation rates that generate large census populations and high levels of genetic variation. Furthermore, there is now widespread global circulation of ... -
Posttranslational mechanisms of nitrogenase regulation in Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009
(2012-09-13)Nitrogenase catalyzes the conversion of dinitrogen gas (N2) and protons to ammonia and hydrogen gas (H2). This is a catalytically difficult reaction that requires large amounts of ATP and reducing power. Thus, nitrogenase ... -
Posttranslational regulation and effector specificity of the type VI secretion system
(2013-11-14)Bacteria mediate interactions with their surroundings by exporting a variety of proteins into the extracellular environment. Gram-negative bacteria have evolved at least six dedicated secretory pathways to accomplish this ... -
Regulating DNA replication and mutagenesis in Bacillus subtilis
All organisms must control the timing of DNA replication to maintain their genomic stability. In bacteria, this is achieved through tightly controlling the frequency of replication initiation. Though it is well established ... -
Regulation of coronavirus nsp15 cleavage specificity by RNA structure
SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, has had a significantimpact on global public health. However, SARS-CoV-2 is only one of multiple pathogenic human coronaviruses (CoVs) to have emerged since the ... -
Regulation of protein synthesis and induction of oncogenesis by a cellular protein kinase inhibitor
(1998)P58IPK is a cellular inhibitor of the interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated, serine/threonine kinase, PKR. Earlier, P58IPK was shown to block both PKR autophosphorylation and the phosphorylation of eIF-2alpha substrate in ... -
Regulation of the flagellar specific sigma factor, sigma28, of Salmonella typhimurium by the anti-sigma factor FlgM
(1998)Expression of the flagellar genes of Salmonella typhimurium occurs in an ordered hierarchy that is coupled to the morphogenesis of the flagellar organelle. Transcription of the late (Class 3) flagellar genes is dependent ... -
RhlR Quorum Sensing and Social Dynamics in Cystic Fibrosis-Adapted Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of airway infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. P. aeruginosa employs several hierarchically arranged and interconnected quorum sensing (QS) regulatory ... -
STING is dispensable during KSHV infection of primary endothelial cells
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites requiring host cells to replicate and spread. To prevent this, cells utilize a variety of protein receptors in order to surveil for invading viruses, with detection resulting ... -
STING is required in conventional dendritic cells for DNA vaccine induction of type I T helper cell-dependent antibody responses
DNA vaccines elicit antibody, T helper cell, CD8+ T cell, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. Currently, little is known about the mechanism that DNA vaccines employ to induce adaptive immune responses. Studies ... -
Taxonomy, biogeography, and evolution of polar gas vacuolate bacteria
(1996)Over 250 gas vesicle producing (gas vacuolate) bacteria have been isolated from arctic and antarctic sea ice and water (Irgens et al., 1989; Staley et al., 1989; Gosink et al., 1993; Gosink and Staley, 1995). These strains ...