Browsing Oceanography by Subject "Biological oceanography"
Now showing items 1-20 of 30
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Biosphere Impacts of Ocean Hypoxia in a Warming Climate
Earth’s climate and biology mediate the availability of dissolved oxygen (O2) in seawater, a key environmental constraint on energy acquisition for diverse marine life. Energy available for organismal growth, activity, and ... -
Climate-driven shifts in abundance, distribution, and composition of the pelagic fish community in a rapidly changing Pacific Arctic
The Chukchi Sea is experiencing rapid environmental change due to warming temperatures, reductions in sea ice, and increases in transport of warm southern-origin waters into the region. Continued changes in the physical ... -
Computational and experimental models of diatom-bacteria interaction
Microbial interactions structure ecosystems and fuel biogeochemical cycling. The metabolic activities operating in the ocean are critical to the entire planet. In this work, I focused on interactions between diatoms and ... -
Consequences of ocean change for ecological function:Observational and modeling case studies of larval echinoderms
(2013-02-25)Planktonic larvae of many marine invertebrates play important roles in connecting and sustaining disjunct adult populations. Most larvae are denser than seawater and rely on swimming to regulate their vertical positions. ... -
Ecological and evolutionary strategies of archaeal, bacterial, and viral communities in deep-sea hydrothermal vents
(2014-02-24)The deep-sea hydrothermal vent habitat, formed by subsurface water-rock reactions that create high-temperature hydrothermal fluid, is dominated by physical, chemical, and mineralogical gradients. The mixing of cold, oxidized ... -
Elucidating the metabolic activities of SUP05, an abundant group of marine sulfur oxidizing gamma-proteobacteria
Chemoautotrophic bacteria that oxidize sulfur and reduce nitrogen in low oxygen zones carry out chemical transformations of molecules containing the key elements: carbon, nitrogen and sulfur. Members of the SUP05 clade of ... -
Environmentally induced changes to the diatom cell wall and the implications of these changes on biogeochemical cycles
(2013-02-25)Diatoms are responsible for 20% of global primary production, control the marine silicon cycle, and are a major constituent of the organic matter that sinks into the deep ocean. Diatom cell walls, or frustules, are composed ... -
Estimation of inherent optical properties and phytoplankton community structure from hyperspectral in-water radiometry
(2013-07-25)Inverse algorithms are developed to retrieve hyperspectral absorption and backscattering coefficients from measurements of hyperspectral upwelling radiance and downwelling irradiance in vertically homogeneous waters. The ... -
Evolutionary response of marine bacteria to the co-occurring pnictogens phosphorus and arsenic
Phosphorus is an essential component of biomolecules, and is believed to be the limiting nutrient in the marine environment on geologic timescales. In marine waters, phosphorus co-occurs with arsenic, an element with many ... -
Life in the cold biosphere: The ecology of psychrophile communities, genomes, and genes
The prevalence of low temperature habitats on Earth makes the ecology of organisms adapted to low temperature environments (psychrophiles) an important area of research. Studies of low temperature ecosystems including the ... -
Marine microbial biogeography from microscopic to global scales: ecology of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia
(2013-02-25)Members of the marine diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia are globally distributed, biologically productive, remarkably diverse, and responsible for Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) through the production of the neurotoxin, domoic ... -
Marine microbial metabolomics: a journey through time, space, and metabolism
Microorganisms control the flux of energy, stored as organic matter, into the ocean through the cumulative effects of individual metabolisms and community interactions. Metabolites are the currency of microbial metabolism, ... -
Microbial Challenges and Solutions to Inhabiting the Dynamic Architecture of Saline Ice Formations
(2013-11-14)Sea ice contains a microscopic network of brine inclusions effectively colonized by organisms from the three major clades of life. The architecture of this brine channel network is dynamic, with surface area, brine volume ... -
Microbial evolution and ecology in subzero hypersaline environments
Microbial life, particularly prokaryotic life, is prevalent in the extreme polar settings of cryopeg and sea ice brines. Cryopegs are unfrozen layers, found in Arctic permafrost below the active layer, that are composed ... -
Microbial metabolomics in polar oceans: responses to temperature and salinity changes associated with sea ice.
Polar oceans and sea ice are among Earth’s major biomes, but are experiencing rapid environmental changes associated with climate change that may shift polar marine ecosystems into new, potentially unstable, states. Warming ... -
Multiple effects of ocean change on crustacean zooplankton: A coupled field-laboratory approach
In this dissertation I combine laboratory experiments and field observations across natural oceanographic gradients to investigate how crustacean zooplankton will be affected by ocean acidification (OA) and other co-occurring ... -
Particles, prey, and purse seines: A data-driven investigation into the impacts of climate on biological processes across the global ocean
In this dissertation, I use existing large-scale public datasets to examine how climate variability and change affect ecosystem processes throughout the global oceans, with some emphasis on the Tropical Pacific because of ... -
Quantification of Life-stage Transition Behaviors in Harmful Algae and their Implications for Pelagic and Benthic Distributions
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) occur when accumulations of algae or algal toxins have adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystems, public health and/or coastal resources. Many of the behavioral and physiological functional traits ... -
Quantifying the response of diatom nitrogen metabolism to environmental changes
(2013-11-14)Diatoms are microscopic unicellular organisms that fix as much carbon annually as all terrestrial rainforests combined and, through nitrogen uptake and carbon drawdown, link global carbon and nitrogen cycles. As the most ... -
Resolving the molecular ecology of marine microbial eukaryotes with metatranscriptomes
The surface waters of the North Pacific ocean host diverse populations of microbial eukaryotes, who collectively mediate the flux of energy and matter in their environment with a significant impact on global biogeochemical ...