Browsing Oceanography by Subject "oceanography"
Now showing items 1-20 of 46
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A Geophysical Investigation of the Arctic Sea Ice Surface
The oldest records of the Arctic sea ice pack illustrate a frozen, yet dynamic icescape composed of hummocks and weathered ridges draped in thick snow. In recent decades, the effects of climate change have transformed this ... -
The Abyssal Ocean's Contributions to the Global Energy and Sea Level Budgets Between the 1990s and 2000s
Over the past three decades, Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), a cold, dense water-mass produced around Antarctica that feeds the bottom limb of the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC), has warmed, freshened, and declined ... -
Arctic Ocean Circulation Patterns Revealed by Ocean Bottom Pressure Anomalies
(2013-04-17)Over the last few decades, the Arctic Ocean has experienced drastic changes that include increased temperature, changes in freshwater distribution, and decrease in sea ice extent and thickness. These changes, which potentially ... -
Biological Production Rates in the Southern California Current System
(2013-04-17)The isotopic composition of dissolved O<sub>2</sub> (<super>17</super>∆) and the biological O<sub>2</sub> saturation from O<sub>2</sub>:Ar ratios were measured in the surface ocean during six cruises off the coast of ... -
Characteristics of fin whale vocalizations recorded on instruments in the northeast Pacific Ocean
This thesis focuses on fin whale vocalizations recorded on ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) in the Northeast Pacific Ocean, using data collected between 2003 and 2013. OBSs are a valuable, and largely untapped resource for ... -
Ecological and evolutionary strategies of archaeal, bacterial, and viral communities in deep-sea hydrothermal vents
(2014-02-24)The deep-sea hydrothermal vent habitat, formed by subsurface water-rock reactions that create high-temperature hydrothermal fluid, is dominated by physical, chemical, and mineralogical gradients. The mixing of cold, oxidized ... -
Eddy Circulation, Heat and Salt Balances, and Ocean Metabolism: Observations from a Seaglider-Mooring Array at Ocean Station Papa
Seagliders were deployed at Ocean Station Papa (OSP; 50N, 145W) in the southern Gulf of Alaska, augmenting a NOAA Ocean Climate Stations surface fluxes mooring and subsurface ADCP, from 8 June 2008 to 21 January 2010. ... -
Elucidating the metabolic activities of SUP05, an abundant group of marine sulfur oxidizing gamma-proteobacteria
Chemoautotrophic bacteria that oxidize sulfur and reduce nitrogen in low oxygen zones carry out chemical transformations of molecules containing the key elements: carbon, nitrogen and sulfur. Members of the SUP05 clade of ... -
Estimation of inherent optical properties and phytoplankton community structure from hyperspectral in-water radiometry
(2013-07-25)Inverse algorithms are developed to retrieve hyperspectral absorption and backscattering coefficients from measurements of hyperspectral upwelling radiance and downwelling irradiance in vertically homogeneous waters. The ... -
Evolutionary response of marine bacteria to the co-occurring pnictogens phosphorus and arsenic
Phosphorus is an essential component of biomolecules, and is believed to be the limiting nutrient in the marine environment on geologic timescales. In marine waters, phosphorus co-occurs with arsenic, an element with many ... -
Fjord sedimentation during the rapid retreat of tidewater glaciers: observations and modeling
Ice-ocean interactions remain poorly understood despite the growing recognition that they play significant roles in the complex behavior of glaciers that reach the oceans, which is of broad interest because it contributes ... -
Global Observations of Physical and Biogeochemical Processes in the Ocean
We employ numerous global, or semi-global, datasets to observe the large-scale variability of physical and biogeochemical phenomena. In Chapter 1, we use Argo floats to estimate the vertical displacement of internal gravity ... -
Hydrogen Isotopes from Lipid Biomarkers: Purification, Field Calibration, and Application to Reconstructing Galapagos Paleohydrology
(2013-11-14)The tropics are centrally important in determining global climate patters as the primary heat and moisture source for atmosphere and ocean circulation. Understanding of the range of natural variability and the sensitivity ... -
Impact of the marine biological pump on atmospheric CO2 uptake in the North Pacific: a study based on basin-wide underway measurements of oxygen/argon gas ratios and pCO2
(2013-07-25)To predict how the ocean will respond to and feed back on increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> levels and climate change, we need excellent benchmark measurements of ocean primary productivity and organic carbon export ... -
Improved estimates of air-sea oxygen fluxes and biological carbon export through the use of self-calibrating Argo oxygen floats in the Pacific
The production and consumption of oxygen during photosynthesis and respiration stoichiometrically links oxygen and organic carbon in the surface ocean. Oxygen sensors are currently being deployed on profiling floats ... -
Internal Waves in the Western Arctic Ocean
The importance of internal waves in the Western Arctic Ocean is assessed using a combination of observations from Ice-Tethered Profilers drifting in the Canada Basin between Fall 2005 and Fall 2014 and numerical simulations ... -
Investigating sediment transport on the Waipaoa margin: linking in situ observations with preserved deposits
Connecting the processes that control sediment transport to the deposits they leave behind is critical for understanding sedimentary system dynamics on modern timescales. Small mountainous river systems (SMRs) have been ... -
Investigation of the Spatial and Temporal Structure of Internal Waves
A collection of field experiments and model simulations are used to investigate the spatial and temporal aspects of internal waves, with a focus on near-inertial waves and internal tides. First, the near-inertial wave field ... -
Large-scale Ocean Circulation Observed from Autonomous Profiling Floats
The general circulation of the ocean plays a central role in the global transport of heat, freshwater, carbon, oxygen, nutrients, and other constituents. The ocean's large-scale circulation strongly influences the ... -
Life in the cold biosphere: The ecology of psychrophile communities, genomes, and genes
The prevalence of low temperature habitats on Earth makes the ecology of organisms adapted to low temperature environments (psychrophiles) an important area of research. Studies of low temperature ecosystems including the ...