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Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific CD8 T cells in Merkel cell carcinoma: T cell receptor diversity & novel immune therapies
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer with a disease-specific mortality of 46%. Unfortunately, no FDA-approved treatments for advanced disease exist. Over 80% of MCCs are caused by persistent expression of T-antigen oncoproteins from the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Systemic immunity is strongly linked ...
Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific T cell responses, immune evasion mechanisms & immune therapy in Merkel cell carcinoma
(2013-07-25)
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer with an increasing incidence and a 5-year disease-associated mortality of 46%. The Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), discovered in 2008, is involved in the pathogenesis of over 80% of MCC tumors. MCC typically requires persistent expression of immunogenic ...
Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Immunogenicity and the characterization of CD4 T cell responses to the Merkel cell polyomavirus
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a deadly, virus-associated skin cancer with a 5-year relative mortality rate of 46%. The Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is clonally integrated into 80% of MCCs and persistent expression of MCPyV T-antigen oncoproteins is required for tumor survival and growth, potentially providing ideal targets ...
The Role of Early Autocrine IL-2 Signals in Programming Antigen-Specific CD8 T cell Responses
IL-2 is a potent cytokine in mediating antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses. Following antigen priming, IL-2 signals drive the differentiation of resting cytotoxic T cells into potent effector cells to elicit rapid expansion, and the expression of effector molecules critical for eradicating intracellular infections. ...
Modeling autoimmune associated genetics in primary human T cells using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing
Genome wide association studies have identified genetic risk variants associated with multiple autoimmune diseases, thereby impacting large numbers of patients. Prominent examples are found within the phosphatase encoding genes PTPN22 and PTPN2. Studies have shown that risk variants in these genes impact a variety of cell ...
Deciphering the relationship among nutrition, host and microbe
Within the human gastrointestinal tract, there are trillions of resident microbes collectively known as the gut microbiota. These organisms have a profound impact on host physiology, particularly the immune system. Upon birth, the gut microbiota begins to take shape with input from various influences including genetics and ...
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Mycobacterial Glycolipid Recognition by Human T Cells
Tuberculosis (TB) is of high global health importance and disproportionately affects individuals in resource-limited settings. A major challenge to reducing the global burden of this disease is the lack of effective vaccines and diagnostics. At present, the intricacies of the immune response to this disease are not ...
The Microbial Etiology of Colorectal Cancer
The microbiome of the Gastro-Intestinal tract is estimated at 100 trillion organisms which act in a symbiotic relationship with the surrounding tissue cells to maintain homeostasis. However, alterations in the gut microbiota caused by genetics or environmental factors can disturb this relationship and promote diseases such ...
Enhancing Local delivery of Macrophage Checkpoint Inhibitors with Chemokine Gradients to Lure and Destroy Pediatric Brain Tumor Cells
Pediatric brain tumors (PBTs) are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. These malignancies tend to occur in locations of the brain where complete resection and adjuvant therapy could lead to an impaired quality of life. Residual cells from incompletely resected tumors may invade nearby areas of the brain where ...
Impact of proteasomal processing on immunopeptidome repertoires and therapeutic immune recognition.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults. AML often responds to initial chemotherapy, but a majority of patients will relapse with resistant disease leaving a critical need for more effective therapies. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can prevent relapse long term through donor T ...