Browsing Pharmaceutics by Title
Now showing items 13-32 of 49
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Development of a Microphysiological Model of the Kidney Proximal Tubule and Application in Predictive Toxicity Testing of Polymyxin Antibiotics
Late-stage attrition of investigational new drugs can be extremely devastating to both the drug developer as well as the patient in regard to money lost and disease left untreated, respectively. A primary reason for a ... -
Development of Microphysiological Models for the Assessment of Xenobiotic and Endobiotic Absorption and Disposition
Animal models and in vitro systems have long been relied upon to provide insights into the toxicology, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of investigational drug candidates before they are administered to human subjects. ... -
Discovery and Assessment of Endogenous Biomarkers of CYP2D6 Activity for Application in Clinical Studies
The activity of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is highly variable due to genetic and environmental influences. Assessing CYP2D6 activity may aid in initial dosing of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6, help maximize therapeutic ... -
The economic and clinical outcomes and policy implications of gene expression profiling in breast cancer care
(2004)In the U.S., the majority of premenopausal breast cancer patients are recommended by clinical guidelines to receive adjuvant chemotherapy to prevent disease progression and increase survival. However, low-risk patients may ... -
Elucidating Mechanisms for Drug Combination Nanoparticles to Enhance and Prolong Lymphatic Exposure: Experimental and Modeling Approaches
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and metastatic cancers impact over 50 million people worldwide. Because HIV and metastatic cancers exploit the lymphatics to persist and spread, enhanced and prolonged lymphatic ... -
Endogenous Biomarkers of CYP3A Activity
(2013-07-25)The activity of the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochromes P450 3A (CYP3A) varies up to 20-fold between individuals. The interindividual variability may be due to both genetic variations and factors such as age, diet, ... -
Evaluation and Potential Cost-Effectiveness of Active Surveillance Pharmacovigilance for First-Line HAART in Namibia
Background. Active surveillance pharmacovigilance (PV) is a systematic approach to medicine safety assessment and health systems strengthening. These systems can better estimate the burden of adverse events (AEs) and can ... -
Evaluation of a Prescription Drug Pay-for-Performance Program: Impact on Prescribing Trends, Budget, and Patient Outcomes
Background Health plans have incentivized providers for patient care that follows evidence-based prescribing, including through pay-for-performance (P4P) programs. Research has suggested increased cost-sharing for prescription ... -
Function and Regulation of Cytochrome P450 4V2 and the Implications in Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy
Background: Cytochrome P450 4V2 (CYP4V2) is one of 57 functional human isozymes in the cytochrome P450 superfamily of heme-containing monooxygenase enzymes. CYP4V2 is one of thirteen human P450 enzymes classified as ‘orphans’ ... -
The impact of adherence and an intervention program on patient outcomes and costs in chronic hepatitis C infection
(2012-09-13)<bold>Background and aims:</bold> Both observational studies and randomized trials have shown that higher medication adherence is associated with improved outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC). ... -
The Impact of CYP3A5 Variation and Pregnancy on the Metabolic Disposition of Calcineurin Inhibitors
(2013-02-25)The calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) — cyclosporine A (CsA) and tacrolimus remain the backbone of immunosuppression therapy for most organ transplant patients despite their serious side effects, such as chronic calcineurin ... -
The Impact of R10-Hydroxywarfarin on CYP2C9-Mediated S-Warfarin Metabolism
(2014-04-30)Warfarin therapy is highly effective in treating both atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis. Currently, more than 20 million Americans are receiving warfarin therapy. However, increased risk of adverse events are ... -
Influence of Perspective on Preferences for Prostate Cancer Outcomes
Background The utility value is a necessary component of the cost-utility analysis (CUA). They can be obtained from various perspectives and using different methods. The relationship between elicitation methods and ... -
Investigating the Association Between Sedative Hypnotic Prescription Exposures and Motor Vehicle Crashes
(2012-09-13)Background Motor vehicle crashes occur daily and may be fatal for the driver, passengers or bystanders. Crashes have been shown to be associated with certain medical conditions and exposure to prescription medications that ... -
Isotretinoin Administration Improves Sperm Production in Men with Infertility
University of Washington Abstract Isotretinoin Administration Improves Sperm Production in Men with Infertility John K. Amory MD, MPH Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Dr. Nina Isoherranen, Associate Professor Department ... -
Mathematical Models to Evaluate the Clinical and Economic Impact of Biomedical HIV Prevention Strategies in the United States
As the marginal clinical impact returns on innovations to treat and prevent HIV diminish, strategic investments are required for timely and efficient HIV eradication. The overall goal of this dissertation research is to ... -
Metabolic and inhibitory differences between cytochromes P450 3A4 and 3A5
(2001)Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and 3A5 constitute the dominant drug metabolizing enzymes in the liver and small intestine, and the content and activity of these enzymes is widely variable. Accurate knowledge of in vivo CYP3A ... -
Migraine-specific health resource utilization in chronic and episodic migraine across six countries
(2012-09-13)Background: Though studies have consistently revealed variation in resource utilization between chronic and episodic migraineurs, less is known about how these differences compare across countries. This research describes ... -
Molecular and Cellular Characterization of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Hepatocytes
Primary human hepatocytes are commonly used to evaluate liver drug metabolism and toxicity. Pluripotent stem cell derived hepatocytes (SCDHs) have the potential to overcome access and function-related limitations associated ...