Browsing Pharmaceutics by Title
Now showing items 65-80 of 80
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The Relative Importance of CYP26A1 and CYP26B1 in Mediating Retinoid Homeostasis: Studies on the Formation, Elimination and Biological Activity of All-trans-Retinoic Acid Metabolites
(2013-07-25)All-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), the active metabolite of Vitamin A (retinol), is an essential nutrient during both fetal development and adult life. The concentration of atRA within a cell is tightly regulated by the ... -
Renal Drug Transporters – Clinical Significance and Role in Drug-Drug Interactions
Drug transporters play an important role in drug disposition and can be major determinants of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity. In contrast to drug metabolizing enzymes, which mainly concentrate in the ... -
Renal Tubular Transport of Drugs in Healthy and Diseased Kidney
In this thesis work, I applied traditional and innovative bioengineering approaches to develop an in vitro model of renal proximal tubule with human proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs) that is particularly suited for ... -
The role of drug-lipid interactions in biodistribution and therapeutic effects for drugs incorporated into liposomes
(1999)While a number of drugs formulated in liposomes or lipid vesicles are approved for human use, many are formulated empirically, without a full or complete understanding the role of drug-lipid interactions. Hence, the primary ... -
The Role of Organic Cation Transporter 3 in Metformin Disposition during Pregnancy
(2014-02-24)Metformin, a front line drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has been recently introduced as an alternative therapy for insulin in treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus. Despite clinical enthusiasm for the drug, there ... -
Screening for MicroRNA Regulators of an Orphan Cytochrome P450 4V2 (CYP4V2)
(2012-09-13)Cytochrome P450 4V2 (CYP4V2) is a gene linked to the ocular disease Bietti's Crystalline Dystrophy (BCD). Sequence analysis of CYP4V2 in BCD patients identified potentially disruptive exonic and intronic mutations. Patients ... -
STATIC AND DYNAMIC FORMS TO IDENTIFY DDI POTENTIAL AND SOURCES OF PHARMACOKINETIC VARIABILITY
To bring a compound to market, a rigorous process comprised of preclinical and clinical assessments is completed to determine various aspects of drug safety and efficacy. These studies are conducted strategically to ensure ... -
The identification and characterization of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with systemic polymyxins in the management of severe gram-negative infections
Background The global rise in antibiotic resistance has led to an increased need for effective antimicrobial treatments. Polymyxins have re-emerged in recent years due to their strong antimicrobial activity against resistant ... -
The Polyspecific Organic Cation Transporters: Role in Cancer Drug Targeting, Xenobiotic Disposition, and Drug-drug Interactions
The polyspecific organic cation transporters (pOCTs) include the organic cation transporters (OCT1-3), the multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (MATE1/2K) and the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT). These ... -
The Real Option Value of Life And Innovation
Background: Recent developments in healthcare value assessments have expanded the definition of value for medical technologies. The option value of a life-extending treatment is the opportunity of benefiting from future ... -
The Role of CS1 Fibronectin in HIV-1 Infection of α4β7+ T Lymphocytes
A hallmark of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) pathogenesis is the profound depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes within gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT), and persistent immune dysfunction at mucosal sites. It ... -
The Role of Organic Cation Transporters in the Disposition, Drug-Drug Interactions, and Tissue Toxicity of Amphetamines
This dissertation research aims to elucidate the roles of organic cation transporters in the disposition, drug-drug interactions, and toxicity of methamphetamine. Work conducted in this dissertation research has elucidated ... -
The Roles of the Polyspecific Organic Cation Transporters in the Disposition of meta-Iodobenzylguanidine and Implications for Toxicities and Drug Interactions
meta-Iodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) is a radiopharmaceutical used as diagnostic agent and a targeted radiotherapy for neuroendocrine cancers. 131I-mIBG enters the cancer cells through the human norepinephrine transporter (hNET) ... -
Transporter and Metabolic-based Drug-Drug Interactions: The Blood-Brain Barrier and The Liver
(2013-04-17)The HIV Protease inhibitor (PI)-based DDIs are complex, unpredictable and often paradoxical. Investigations dedicated to evaluating PIs' potential as inducers of the CYPs and drug transporter, and PIs' as substrates of ... -
Understanding Pregnancy-induced Changes in the Disposition of Norbuprenorphine, Metformin and Glyburide in Mice and Humans for Optimizing Drug Therapy during Pregnancy
Pharmacotherapy usage during pregnancy is common and increasing. In the current clinical practice, healthcare providers are increasingly prescribing buprenorphine (BUP) for opioid addiction treatment, as well as metformin, ... -
Variations in Surgeon Treatment Preferences and The Impact on the Cost-Utility of Surgery for Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Background The primary treatment for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is surgical excision of the tumor. There are variations in the surgical strategies used to excise the tumor. It is unknown which surgical strategy is more ...