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Browsing Psychology by Title
Now showing items 299-318 of 367
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Tailoring mindset interventions for first-generation college students: A cultural fit approach
First-generation (FG) college students, students who are the first in their family to attend college, are more likely to face academic challenges relative to continuing-generation (CG) students. Growth mindset interventions, ... -
Temperament as a moderator of the association of cumulative risk with pre-adolescent appraisal and coping
Aims: Individual differences in temperament, particularly emotionality and self-regulation, have been found to predict internalizing and externalizing problems during children’s transition to adolescence. Temperament has ... -
Temperament in Infants At-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder
(2013-02-25)Current research efforts are focused on identifying early signs of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) given improved outcomes for children with ASD through early behavioral intervention. Retrospective studies cite early ... -
Temperamental Sensitivity to the Effects of Parenting in the Development of Child Anxiety
The role of parenting behaviors, and their moderation by child temperament, in the development of child anxiety were examined using longitudinal data collected from mothers and their children (N=306) across the preschool ... -
Test anxiety, birth order, and quality of feedback as variables affecting cognition in conformity situations
(1967)Considerable interest has centered around test anxiety in recent years, as a personality variable relating to situational, physiological and other personality variables (Sarason, 1960). Of special interest has been the ... -
Test of Effortful Control as a Moderator of the Relation between RSA & Temperament
Prior research examining associations between negative affect (NA) in childhood and respiratory sinus arrythmia (RSA) has found mixed results. One possible explanation for inconsistent findings may be that there are ... -
The Advantage of Numeric Uncertainty Information For Decision-Making With Two Thresholds
Evidence suggests that people make better decisions based on forecasts with numeric uncertainty estimates (e.g., 30%) compared to single value (deterministic) forecasts. Much of this work has focused on binary tasks. ... -
The coding of safety-danger boundaries by the amygdala and hippocampus: an ecological risky foraging investigation in rats
Contemporary fear research focuses heavily on learned/acquired fear, as opposed to innate/instinctive fear, through the use of the Pavlovian fear conditioning paradigm. However, fear conditioning studies have limited ... -
The Cost of Decision-Making: Unraveling the Interplay of Memory, Reinforcement Learning, and Neural Connectivity in Decision-Making
This dissertation reviewed significant theoretical work and empirical findings in the field of decision-making, and posed critical questions spanning various aspects of decision-making, such as cognitive control, motivation, ... -
The delegitimization of women’s claims of ingroup discrimination: Consequences for women who claim
The rectification of gender discrimination largely depends on how people respond to women who claim to have experienced it. This dissertation examines whether people respond more negatively to a woman who claims to have ... -
The Development of Emotion Understanding in Infancy
An ongoing debate in affective science concerns whether emotion understanding is (a) an early emerging or innate ability, based in our shared evolutionary history, or (b) an ability that develops slowly over time, shaped ... -
The Effect of Forecast Inconsistency and Explicit Uncertainty Estimates on Trust and Decision-Making
The goal of this dissertation was to evaluate whether inconsistency is a substantial threat to trust in sequential predictions from a single advisor, and to test whether providing explicit uncertainty estimates can preserve ... -
The effects of noise exposure and genetic background on auditory-evoked behaviors in larval zebrafish
Auditory sensitivity and perception can be influenced by extrinsic factors, such as environmental noise, and intrinsic factors, such as genes and arousal. How do these factors interact and influence auditory-related ... -
The effects of rostral anterior cingulate lesions on avoidance and decision-making processes in rats living in a naturalistic, risky foraging environment
In rodents, the rostral segment of the anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) is thought to be primarily involved in affect-related processes and behaviors. However, most rodent studies investigating the rACC measure a limited ... -
The Effects of Systematic Self-Monitoring, Feedback, and Collaborative Assessment on Stress Reduction
The goal of the present study was to test the potential efficacy of an online stress management intervention, the daily diary; to develop and test a personalized feedback intervention for the diary; and to test the ... -
The Emotional Benefits of Generosity: Children's Experiences and Beliefs Regarding Giving and Happiness
From a young age, humans frequently and spontaneously choose to help, comfort, and share with others (Dunfield, Kuhlmeier, O’Connell, & Kelley, 2011; Paulus & Moore, 2012). Critically, these prosocial behaviors are not ... -
The ever-changing face of social groups: Psychological and behavioral responses to group-image threat
Images of a social group are socially constructed, fluctuate across time and context, and have the power not only to inform group members about their group’s position within social hierarchies but also to shape how others ... -
The Function of Conditioned Fear in Reward Propensity: Evidence for Interrelated Approach-Avoid Systems
Processes related to approach and avoidance behavior have largely been investigated independently. Thus, the understanding of how reward and fear systems work together is underdeveloped. This is problematic because threat ... -
The Impact of Color-Coded Uncertainty on Understanding and Decision-Making
Currently, severe weather risk is communicated using “Watches” and “Warnings,” although their effectiveness is debated. Indeed, research suggests that explicit numeric probabilities improve people’s understanding of risk ... -
The Impact of Forecast Inconsistency On User Trust
For high impact weather events, forecasts often start days in advance. Meteorologists believe that consistency among subsequent forecasts is important to user trust and can therefore be reluctant to make changes when newer, ...