2026-09-19T05:10:05Zhttps://digital.lib.washington.edu/server/oai/request

oai:digital.lib.washington.edu:1773/422092026-02-16T02:25:22Zcom_1773_4888col_1773_4898

Bergstrom, Carl T. Meacham, Frazer 2018-07-31T21:09:44Z 2018-07-31T21:09:44Z 2018-07-31 2018 Meacham_washington_0250E_18971.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1773/42209 Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2018 In many contexts, animals must infer salient information about another individual indirectly by observing some other characteristic of that individual. In Chapter 1 of this thesis, a model of costly signaling is developed to investigate how stochastic signal costs influence the overall cost of communication. Chapter 2 presents a model of mate choice where females must infer from his appearance whether a potential mate will choose to be a good parent to the future offspring. Chapters 3 and 4 deal with mathematical models of anxiety disorders. These disorders affect a huge number of people and can be tremendously disabling. But it is clear that the capacity for anxiety is an evolutionary adaptation. This presents a puzzle: why has natural selection not protected us from such a common malfunctioning of an adaptation? Chapter 3 develops a model that shows how the basic information constraints inherent in the problem of learning about an environment can unavoidably cause a subset of the population to be overly sensitive to signs of danger. Chapter 4 addresses the perplexing observation that as the society of developed countries has continually become safer, anxiety has increased rather than decreased. A model is presented that shoes how the mismatch between a modern environment and the environment to which we adapted can cause this seemingly paradoxical increase in levels of anxiety. This result is in some ways analogous to the well-known ``hygiene hypothesis" of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. application/pdf en_US none Behavior Evolution Mathematical modeling Psychology Theoretical biology Biology Mathematics Evolution & development Biology Sex and Fear: Mathematical models of mate choice, parental care, and maladaptive anxiety Thesis Open Access open.access