<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-09-20T12:34:52Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:digital.lib.washington.edu:1773/50232" metadataPrefix="dim">https://digital.lib.washington.edu/server/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:digital.lib.washington.edu:1773/50232</identifier><datestamp>2026-02-16T02:53:38Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_1773_4888</setSpec><setSpec>col_1773_4895</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="advisor">Boyle, Patrick M</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="author" authority="d587bfbe-138a-42d1-ac14-16471d662f7b" confidence="300">Ochs, Alexander Richard</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2023-08-14T17:02:19Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="available">2023-08-14T17:02:19Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="issued">2023-08-14</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="submitted">2023</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="other">Ochs_washington_0250E_25724.pdf</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="uri">http://hdl.handle.net/1773/50232</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description">Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2023</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract">This dissertation discusses the application of light-induced stimulation (optogenetics) in computational models of heart cells (cardiomyocytes), cardiac tissues, and heart chambers to control arrhythmia development. Chapter 1 presents an overview of cardiac anatomy, relevant physiology, and cardiac electrophysiology computational models. Chapter 2 provides a basic explanation of optogenetic actuators (opsins), covering past applications (both experimental and computational) in cardiac tissue at various scales. Chapter 3 examines the efficacy of expressing an anion-conducting opsin (GtACR1) to terminate atrial and ventricular arrhythmias in 3D patient-derived models. Additionally, a 2-state photocurrent model for GtACR1 is introduced. Chapter 4 studies the use of subthreshold optogenetic stimulation to up- and down-regulate early afterdepolarization propensity (cell-scale) and related premature ventricular complexes (organ-scale) in patient models. Chapter 5 evaluates the use of optogenetic stimulation to modulate spontaneous beating in pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (cell-scale) and graft-to-host excitation in 2D, histology-derived tissue models (tissue-scale). The work presented here demonstrates how optogenetic stimulation can be used to control the initiation and suppression of arrhythmias in computational models across a variety of arrhythmia-prone conditions.</dim:field>
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   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="language" qualifier="iso">en_US</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights">CC BY</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject">Arrhythmia</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject">Cardiac</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject">Cardiomyocyte</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject">Electrophysiology</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject">Myocardial infarction</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject">Optogenetics</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject">Biomedical engineering</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject">Physiology</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject">Computational physics</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" qualifier="other">Bioengineering</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title">Controlling Arrhythmias Using Optogenetic Actuators in Computational Simulations</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type">Thesis</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="embargo" qualifier="terms">Open Access</dim:field>
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