Global health
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Childhood Vaccines in Uganda and Zambia: Determinants and Barriers to Effective Coverage
As a target of the Sustainable Development Goals, improving childhood immunization is a major priority for global health. Despite progress in recent times however, coverage (vaccination) and effective coverage (immunity) ... -
First Trimester Use of Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy and Risk of Low Birth Weight
Introduction: There is a lack of sufficient evidence on the safety of use of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) among pregnant women, especially during early pregnancy. We determined the association between ... -
Variation in Effectiveness of HIV Assisted Partner Services by Region, Rural Location and Gender in Kenya: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Introduction Assisted partner services (aPS), a strategy to test and link to care the sexual partners of HIV infected persons, is effective in finding new HIV cases. This study assessed whether the effectiveness of aPS ... -
Sexual behavior following a diagnosis of acute HIV in men who have sex with men and in transgender women in the Sabes study in Lima, Peru
Objectives: To determine the impact of early antiretroviral therapy (ART) on risky sexual behavior practices during the acute period of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and compare the ability of different ... -
Assessing the Impact of Ebola Health Campaigns in Senegal, West Africa
The magnitude of the 2013-2016 West Africa Ebola outbreak demonstrates the importance of minimizing exposure risks and understanding the drivers that influence behavioral change. This study assessed the impact of multiple ... -
Determinants of Contraceptive Use Among Postpartum Adolescents in Western Kenya: A Qualitative Analysis
Objective: To examine influences of contraceptive access and use pre- and postpartum among a group of postpartum adolescents. Design/Setting/Participants: This qualitative study utilizing focus group discussions (FGDs) was ... -
Use of Crowdsourcing to Diagnose Surgical Site Infections
Background: Surgeons can use wound photographs to monitor for surgical site infections (SSI). Mobile Health apps that allow patients to securely transmit photos to providers for remote wound surveillance are available, but ... -
Trends and Predictors of Virologic Failure Following Suppression on Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV Infected Children in Kenya
Background: There are limited data on the incidence and predictors of virologic failure among HIV infected children on antiretroviral treatment (ART), particularly among children who have previously suppressed virus. We ... -
Female genital mutilation and non-invasive cervical abnormalities and invasive cancer in Senegal, West Africa: A retrospective study
We sought to investigate the relationship between exposure to female genital mutilation (FGM) and the main types of invasive cervical cancer (ICC), notably squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Background: Cervical ... -
Continuous quality improvement (CQI) for HIV testing and counselling services for adolescents (HTC): A cost analysis of implementation
The number of adolescents living with HIV is increasing globally. AIDS-related deaths among adolescents have increased while among the other age group people it has decreased. Nevertheless, HIV remains under-diagnosed in ... -
Chinese Migrant Workers in Kenya: Their Health Status and Access to Health Care
The international movement of people is an essential part of a globalizing world.1 The increasing migration of population creates new challenges for global health systems, which have to adapt in order to remain responsive.2-3 ... -
National Level Stakeholders’ Perceptions of Facilitators and Barriers in Utilization of World Health Organizations’ Preventing Early Pregnancy Guidelines in National Level Health Policy Creation
Background: Each year 16 million girls aged 15-19 years give birth and 70,000 die due to complications. In response, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed the evidence-based Reducing Adolescent Pregnancy guidelines ... -
Estimating the effect of state-level gun purchasing policy on county-level firearm suicide mortality
Although gun violence is one of the most widely discussed issues in American politics, research funding freezes have hindered the development of public health strategies for its prevention. A substantial majority (approximately ... -
Measuring the geographic distribution of maternal education in Africa
International agendas have increasingly focused on education as a powerful social determinant of child and maternal health outcomes. However, comparable indicators of educational attainment only exist at the national level, ... -
Workforce Patterns and the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Option B Cascade in Côte d'Ivoire
Background: Côte d’Ivoire continues to face regionally high rates of mother-to-child transmission of HIV despite implementation of a national program to prevent transmission (PMTCT). The aim of this study was to assess the ... -
Evaluation of a Quality Improvement (QI) Intervention for Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (MNCH) in Colombia: The Mil Días Intervention of SINERGIAS in the Department of Bolívar
Initiated in 2012, the Mejoramiento de la calidad de la atención a gestantes, niñas y niños en sus primeros mil días (Mil Días) intervention is a strategy for quality improvement (QI) of maternal, child, and newborn health ... -
Evaluating statistical and machine learning methods to predict risk of in-hospital child mortality in Uganda
Building on existing research on child mortality in Uganda, we used data from a six-hospital malaria surveillance system including signs and symptoms of all admitted patients, testing results, treatments provided, diagnoses ... -
A Qualitative Assessment of Breast Cancer Advocates in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru
Breast cancer mortality is higher in low- and middle-income countries than high-income countries due to lack of awareness about the benefits of early detection and treatment, late-stage diagnosis and limited access to care. ... -
Quantifying Selection Bias from Birth History Estimates of Child Mortality
University of Washington Abstract Quantifying Selection Bias from Birth History Estimates of Child Mortality Matthew Coates Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Haidong Wang, Associate Professor Global Health Introduction ... -
ART attrition across health facilities implementing Option B+ in Haiti
Background: In 2015, the first study on retention that included pregnant women in Haiti showed that Option B+ clients had 1.5 fold excess risk of attrition at 12 months of ART initiation compared to other ART patients. ...
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