Global health
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Pediatric HIV Testing Following Caregiver Index-Case Identification in Kenya
Introduction In contrast to the estimated 62% of adults living with HIV are on antiretroviral treatment (ART), only 42% of children are on ART. Gaps in pediatric HIV treatment are due to gaps in diagnosis of HIV, particularly ... -
Availability, Price and Affordability of Medicines for Treating NCDs in the Ugandan Private Sector
Globally, access to medicines is a major public health challenge (Wirtz et al., 2017). Countries have committed to improving access to medicines through universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ... -
A Qualitative Study of Decentralized Compost Sanitation in Uganda’s West Nile Region
Decentralized compost sanitation represents a potential sustainable sanitation solution that could limit fecal contamination at the source while also complementing the rural, agricultural lifestyle of rural areas without ... -
Risk factors for symptoms of stroke in a community-based observational study in Nepal
Background: Stroke is currently the third leading cause of death and sixth highest cause of premature death in Nepal. While studies have been conducted at tertiary care facilities to describe the epidemiology of hospitalized ... -
Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs and Service Provision Among Adolescents Living with HIV in Kenya: A Qualitative Analysis
Background: Integrating HIV treatment and sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS) is important to address health needs of adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) and prevent future infections. To improve holistic care ... -
Assessing disparities in major family planning indicators by marital status
Background: The indicators of modern contraceptive use and demand for family planning satisfied with modern methods are used to measure access to sexual and reproductive health services, but international estimates of these ... -
US national, state and county-level trends in fertility and maternal mortality from 1980-2014
Importance: Tracking subnational variability in fertility rates, quantifying inequality in maternal mortality risk, and understanding important drivers behind increases in maternal deaths is essential in guiding state- and ... -
Correlates of Depressive Symptoms Among Mothers With Acutely Ill Children Admitted to Hospitals in Low- And Middle-Income Countries
Background: Maternal depression is the second leading cause of maternal disability globally. In addition to causing significant maternal morbidity, maternal depression may also be associated with increased child morbidity ... -
Characterizing A Subset of MSM Who Also Have Intercourse with Cisgender Women in Lima, Peru: A Cross-Sectional Secondary Data Analysis with a Prospective Cohort Component
Background: MSM are disproportionately affected by HIV in Lima, Peru. A subset of MSM, men who have sex with men and women (MSMW), have unique sexual behavior and demographic characteristics that are distinct from MSM ... -
Assessing health provider perspectives regarding barriers American Indian/Alaska Native transgender and Two-Spirit youth face accessing healthcare
Background: American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth disproportionately face barriers accessing healthcare when compared to non-AI/AN youth. Additionally, youth who identify as both AI/AN and transgender or Two-Spirit ... -
Assessing the Effect of Time From Infection and Systemic Inflammation on HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder
Despite advances in HIV treatment, HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND), a condition marked by neurocognitive slowing in HIV patients, has persisted, even in those patients with well-controlled disease. There is ... -
Quantifying the proportion of child growth failure attributable to low birth weight and short gestation
Child growth failure is associated with poor health outcomes, including premature death, increased susceptibility to disease in childhood, and cognitive and motor loss in adulthood. Low birth weight and short gestation are ... -
Estimating Age-Specific Mortality Under Five Years
Objective: To propose a novel method for estimating under-five mortality by day of age. Data: All available complete birth histories from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ... -
Sampling bias in baseline endemicity classification surveys for lymphatic filariasis in sub-Saharan Africa
Mapping surveys were conducted prior to the scale up of national programs to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in order to define populations-at-risk. Usually, relatively few locations were surveyed for this process and some ... -
Caregivers’ preferences for home-based vs clinic-based pediatric HIV testing in Kenya
Background: Home-based HIV testing offers a convenient complement to clinic-based HIV testing. While sociodemographic predictors that drive adult choice of testing location are well-characterized, little is known about ... -
Safer-Drinking Strategies Used by Individuals Experiencing Homelessness and Alcohol Use Disorder
We analyzed interview data collected from 86 adults experiencing homelessness and alcohol use disorder, (AUD) describing their endorsement and implementation of safer-drinking strategies over a one-month time frame. At ... -
"For someone to be called a father? You should participate in going to the clinic and looking after your child": a qualitative study on men's involvement in infant feeding in Kenya
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is a high impact strategy for infant development and survival. Guidelines recommend exclusive breastfeeding for six months for HIV-positive mothers on antiretroviral treatment to reduce ... -
Geographic and individual correlates of cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected women attending HIV Care and Treatment Programs in Kenya
Objective: To identify correlates of cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected women in Kenya and to determine whether familiarity and knowledge of cervical cancer is associated with screening receipt. Methods: We ... -
Death in Indonesia: estimating all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and fatal burden attributable to smoking and air pollution
Indonesia is a populous, diverse country that has not been well studied in terms of health. This analysis addresses that knowledge gap in three aims by first, estimating the number deaths in Indonesia by province, year, ... -
Ukombozi means Liberation: A case for decolonizing global health research, methodology, and praxis
Global health research has informed essential responses to health disparities in the world today, shifting the course of such momentous challenges as the HIV/AIDS epidemic. At the same time, the way that global health work ...
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