Global health
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Alteration of the Epithelial Environment and Cellular Pathways by HPV type 16 E6 and NFX1-123
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR HPV) are the causative agent of various anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers, accounting for approximately 5% of the global burden of cancer. The highest risk factor for development of ... -
The Amenable Vision Loss Index: How Well Are Eye Care Systems Preventing Blindness and Distance Vision Loss
The Amenable Vision Loss Index was created as a tool for evaluating eye care systems by measuring their ability to reduce disease burden due to two causes of blindness and distance vision loss: uncorrected refractive error ... -
The fully immunized child: Summarizing intracountry inequalities in coverage with seven routine vaccines in 195 countries and territories
Introduction: Failures to achieve equal access to vaccines are inhibiting progress in boosting global vaccine coverage to meet Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets. Past efforts ... -
Mapping child health: statistical applications for high-resolution estimation of child mortality and healthcare utilization
This dissertation is comprised of three distinct chapters which each aim to improve understanding of child health and survival in developing countries through novel applications of statistical modelling. In each case, ... -
A Descriptive Analysis of the Emergency Prescription Assistance Program’s (EPAP) role in providing access to chronic care medications to displaced disaster survivors of Hurricane Maria in the United States Virgin Islands
In this study we explore the capabilities and the impact of Emergency Prescription Assistance Program (EPAP) during Hurricane Maria in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI) using descriptive analytic methods and mapping from the ... -
Ambitious HIV treatment goals, viral suppression, and laboratory readiness in Maputo, Mozambique
Introduction: Following international recommendations and guidelines, in 2016, Mozambique started implementing the ‘test and treat’ approach to meet the ambitious HIV treatment targets by 2020, and ‘end AIDS’ by 2030. ... -
Simulating the Joint Exposure Distributions of Child Growth Failure: A Copula Approach
As the global health community prioritizes reducing the global burden of child growth failure (stunting, underweight, and wasting [CGF]) in the next decade, comprehensive estimation of CGF should consider the joint ... -
Effect of pregnancy gestation on food insecurity in HIV-positive women from Kisumu and Migori Counties in Western Kenya
Background: Food insecurity has been associated with adverse health outcomes among vulnerable populations including women, children, and persons infected with HIV. Little is known about the relationship between pregnancy ... -
ASSOCIATION OF FAMILY PLANNING INTEGRATION WITH CONTRACEPTIVE UPTAKE IN KENYAN HIV TREATMENT CENTERS
Objective: To assess facility-level integration of family planning (FP) into HIV care and contraceptive use among HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Study design: We conducted a national cross-sectional ... -
HPV vaccine introduction in Mozambique: Generating knowledge from the demonstration project for national roll-out decision making and planning
Abstract HPV vaccine introduction in Mozambique: Generating knowledge from the demonstration project for national roll-out decision making and planning The studies in this dissertation describe an evaluation of the ... -
Prevalence and Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence in HIV-Seropositive Women in Serodiscordant Relationships
Intimate partner violence (IPV), is behavior within an intimate relationship that causes physical, sexual, or emotional harm. It is the most common form of gender based violence (GBV) and is a major public health problem, ... -
Comparative Analysis of HIV Estimation Methods and Results in Locations with Case Reports and High-Quality Vital Registration Data
This thesis provides an overview of HIV burden estimation methods and results in high-income locations with high-quality vital registration data and case reports. In addition, it presents an investigation of the sensitivity ... -
Qualitative mid-term evaluation of a maternal and child health training and research capacity building program in Kenya
Kenya has made gains to reduce their maternal mortality ratio of 400 per 100,000 live births and under 5 mortality rate of 71 per 1,000 live births. Human resources continue to be a challenge for the Kenyan Health System. ... -
ART adherence information, motivation, and behaviors and provider-patient relationships among new ART patients in Haiti
Background: Previous research suggests that communication between provider and patient is associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among patients with HIV. Haiti has scaled up the use of ART, but studies ... -
Ecological and socio-economic predictors of transmission assessment survey failure
Since 2011, the Transmission Assessment Survey (TAS) has been recommended to determine whether cessation of mass drug administration (MDA) for lymphatic filariasis (LF) is warranted. Ministries of health typically implement ... -
Assessing the cost-effectiveness of national Kenyan repeat maternal HIV testing guidelines
Kenya has aims to achieve the 95-95-95 goals for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) by 2030; yet, each year there are 13,000 new infant HIV infections. Repeat testing in the third trimester and in the ... -
Assessment of interactive effects of temperature and air pollution on mortality in Mexico City
Environmental conditions such as air pollution and ambient temperature, can pose increased risk of premature mortality. In Mexico City, despite recent improvements in reducing air pollution, ozone and particulate matter ... -
Psychosocial Factor Influence on Disclosure Behaviors in Those Newly-Diagnosed with HIV Under “Treatment for All” in Namibia
Background: Namibia has one of the world’s highest HIV prevalence rates. As of 2016, Namibia adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation that all newly diagnosed HIV-positive individuals begin ART, regardless ... -
Understanding the role of the health workforce in driving health spending: trends across OECD countries and implications for the US
Given its high levels of health spending but lacking proportionately better health outcomes, the US has focused much policy attention on improving health spending efficiency and reducing health spending overall. One factor ... -
Performance assessment of point-of-dispensing practices of donated oncology medicines: The Max Foundation
Background Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet financial barriers limit access to life-saving oncology drugs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). For the past 15 years, the ...
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