Global health
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“You are your own driver”: Factors Influencing the Decision to Initiate PrEP Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women within Routine Maternal Child Health and Family Planning Clinics in Western Kenya
Objectives: To understand key influences on decisions to accept or decline pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among Kenyan adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Design: Qualitative interviews were ... -
Mechanisms for HIV persistence during effective treatment
Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) that suppresses HIV replication to below the limit-of-quantification of commercial assays, small numbers of virions can often still be detected in the plasma, termed residual viremia ... -
WhatsApp Peer Groups to Support Youth Living with HIV: Motivations and Functions
Young people age 10-24 are disproportionately affected by HIV. Social support has been identified as a factor that can improve HIV outcomes. Access to mobile devices is high worldwide making mobile health (mHealth) ... -
Experiences, Perceptions, and Suggestions for Future Use of HIV Self-Testing Through Community Distribution Channels Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Nairobi, Kenya: A Qualitative Analysis
Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) have lower rates of HIV testing compared to adults in sub-Saharan Africa. Community-based delivery of oral HIV self-testing (HIVST) is a promising approach that may increase ... -
PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS VIREMIA IN KENYAN CHILDREN AT HOSPITAL DISCHARGE
Background CMV viremia is common in immunocompetent adults admitted to intensive care units, and individuals with detectable CMV viremia are at a higher risk for death and other poor outcomes. Given the high prevalence and ... -
Primary health care management effectiveness as a driver of family planning service readiness: A cross-sectional survey in central Mozambique
Objective: To assess the relationship between management effectiveness and family planning service readiness among primary health care facilities in an on-going Health Alliance International study in central Mozambique. ... -
The Last Mile: Use of Innovative Technologies to Attain the UNAIDS 90-90-90 Target
Introduction Multiple interventions and concerted efforts have led to an overall decline in the incidence of HIV. Despite these gains, new challenges emerge in sustaining the momentum of the fight against HIV. These ... -
Change in Knowledge and Attitudes about HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Analysis of National Survey Data
This dissertation explores the changes in knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over time. Specifically, this work estimates the trends of 16 key indicators of knowledge and attitudes about ... -
Estimating the burden of illness and economic consequences of malnutrition in Myanmar
While there has been progress over the last few decades, maternal and child undernutrition still contributes to a substantial amount of death and illness in the world. In Myanmar, it is the number one risk factor for ... -
Contribution of Community Health Workers on Family Planning Uptake in Mozambique: A Provincial-Level Segmented Time-Series Analysis from 2013-2017
University of Washington Abstract Contribution of Community Health Workers on Family Planning Uptake in Mozambique: A Provincial-Level Segmented Time-Series Analysis from 2013-2017 Aneth Antonio Dinis Chair of the Supervisory ... -
Evaluating Dietary Diversity Change After the Introduction of Household Gardens in the Informal Settlement of Claverito-Iquitos, Peru
Abstract: Introduction: Informal settlement families are burdened with a multitude of barriers to achieve good health, including food scarcity and lack of dietary diversity. While much research has been conducted for food ... -
Diabetes, Mental Health, and Utilization of Mental Health Professionals Among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Adults
Objective. We evaluated whether diabetes or borderline/prediabetes is associated with serious psychological distress, and whether contact with a mental health professional has an interacting effect on this association. ... -
HIV Stigma in the MSM Community Today. What it Looks Like and Ways of Reducing It. A Qualitative Study.
Poverty, stigma, and limited access to quality health care are drivers of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic among marginalized populations, and these factors are disproportionately experienced by racial, ... -
Measuring the Impact of Smoke-free Legislation on Population Health in Two Cities of China
Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) increases the risk of morbidity and premature mortality. Smoke-free legislation is an effective way to protect the population from the harms of SHS and has been implemented nation wide ... -
Postpartum Depression among Kenyan Adolescents
Background: Adolescents may have elevated risks of postpartum depression compared to adults due to unique socioeconomic stressors. Hormonal contraception has been associated with higher risks of depression in adults and ... -
Pediatric HIV Testing Following Caregiver Index-Case Identification in Kenya
Introduction In contrast to the estimated 62% of adults living with HIV are on antiretroviral treatment (ART), only 42% of children are on ART. Gaps in pediatric HIV treatment are due to gaps in diagnosis of HIV, particularly ... -
Availability, Price and Affordability of Medicines for Treating NCDs in the Ugandan Private Sector
Globally, access to medicines is a major public health challenge (Wirtz et al., 2017). Countries have committed to improving access to medicines through universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ... -
A Qualitative Study of Decentralized Compost Sanitation in Uganda’s West Nile Region
Decentralized compost sanitation represents a potential sustainable sanitation solution that could limit fecal contamination at the source while also complementing the rural, agricultural lifestyle of rural areas without ... -
Risk factors for symptoms of stroke in a community-based observational study in Nepal
Background: Stroke is currently the third leading cause of death and sixth highest cause of premature death in Nepal. While studies have been conducted at tertiary care facilities to describe the epidemiology of hospitalized ... -
Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs and Service Provision Among Adolescents Living with HIV in Kenya: A Qualitative Analysis
Background: Integrating HIV treatment and sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS) is important to address health needs of adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) and prevent future infections. To improve holistic care ...
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