Burden of Dental Anomalies at a University Pediatric Dental Clinic

Abstract

Purpose: Investigate the burden of dental treatment for children and adolescents with dental anomalies. Methods: Electronic health records (axiUm) of patients seen at the University of Washington Center for Pediatric Dentistry (2010-2019) were used for this cohort study. Children and adolescents with dental anomalies were identified using word recognition from Info Manager in axiUm followed by comprehensive assessment to confirm dental anomaly case status (amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta, hypodontia, hyperdontia, dentin dysplasia). For controls, 3 charts were matched for each case based on first visit date (+/- 1 month). Sociodemographic variables, medical history information, stage of dentition, insurance status and claims, appointments, cost, and restorative treatment were obtained. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi squared, and t-test (P<.05). Results: Of the 2,097 new patients, dental anomalies were identified in 699 patients (33%). For 5 out of the 10 years of follow up, we found controls to have more dental claims than children with dental anomalies (P<.05). However, there were no significant differences in either number of appointments or mean costs between groups. The dental anomaly group had more zirconia crowns, orthodontic and surgical treatment over all (P<.0141) and (P<.001), compared to more restorative treatment overall in the control group (P<.001). Conclusion: Compared to a pediatric population with high-caries risk, children with dental anomalies did not have more dental claims, appointments, or overall cost for dental care. Further investigation of definitive dental treatment among young adults is needed to expand the current assessment of the burden of dental anomalies.