Circadian variation in testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, and calculated non-sex hormone-binding globulin bound testosterone in healthy young and elderly men

Abstract

The circadian pattern in levels of serum total testosterone (T) in men becomes blunted with normal aging. However, because T not bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (non-SHBG-T) is felt to be a better representative of biologically available T than is total T, the possibility of a 24-h variation in non-SHBG-T in young men and the possibility that aging is associated with a blunting of that rhythm were investigated. Hourly blood samples were drawn on 10 normal young men (mean age 27.3 years) and 10 normal elderly men (mean age 70.7 years) over a 24-h period and the serum was assayed for total T, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and total protein; non-SHBG-T was calculated. SHBG was determined by radioimmunoassay as well as by a steroid-binding assay. Young men had a significantly higher (p less than 0.05) mean 24-h level of non-SHBG-T (1.91 +/- 0.62 nm/l) than did the elderly men (0.86 +/- 0.01 nM/l). Also, each young man showed a significant circadian rhythm in non-SHBG-T, with a group mean daily variation of 1.42 +/- 0.38 nM/l. In contrast, only 60% of the elderly men demonstrated a significant circadian rhythm in non-SHBG-T, and the group mean rhythm was blunted (maximum excursion 0.38 +/- 0.07 nM/l) compared with that of the young men. SHBG and total protein levels demonstrated similar 24-h variations in the two age groups. It was concluded that non-SHBG-T serum levels, similar to serum total T levels, demonstrate a circadian pattern in young men and this circadian rhythmicity becomes blunted with normal aging.