Integrating Family Quality of Life–Based Support into Function-Based Parent-Implemented Intervention for Families of Young Autistic Children: A Pilot Mixed-Methods Study

Abstract

Function-based parent-implemented intervention (PII) is a widely used approach for supporting behavior in young autistic children by providing parents with strategies to use within natural routines. While this intervention has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing child outcomes, the extent to which it impacts broader family well-being has been underexamined. Additionally, few studies have systematically identified barriers that may affect parents’ ability to implement strategies across routines. The Family Quality of Life (FQOL) framework provides a useful way to understand family needs and strengths. This pilot mixed-methods study examined whether integrating FQOL-based support into function-based PII could support child behavior, strengthen parent strategy implementation, and enhance family outcomes. Using an explanatory sequential mixed methods design, the study began with a multiple baseline single case design across three families to assess changes in parent strategy use and child behavior. Qualitative interviews were then conducted to explore how families perceived the integration of FQOL-based support and how it influenced their experiences and outcomes. The results showed that integrating FQOL-based support increased parent implementation of strategies, decreased child interfering behavior, and improved FQOL. Parents also reported that integrating FQOL-based support helped them address broader family needs, adapt strategies across routines, and feel more confident in managing daily challenges. These findings suggest that addressing family needs through the lens of FQOL may enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of function-based PII. This study provides preliminary evidence for integrating FQOL-based support into function-based PII and offers practical implications for developing more family-centered interventions.