A Comparison of Net Primary Production Calculations using Remote Sensing and Oxygen Balance Method in the Equatorial Pacific

Abstract

Primary Production is a fundamental concept in oceanography and represents the rate at which photosynthetic organisms use chemical energy to synthesize organic compounds. Net Primary Production (NPP), or photosynthesis minus respiration, serves as a critical measure of ecosystem health and carbon cycling in marine environments. This study investigated the dynamics of marine NPP in the Equatorial Pacific from 5 N to 5 S at a 167 W transect from January 1st, 2024, to January 6th, 2024. It is a region characterized by significant biological productivity due to upwelling. Satellite data, including chlorophyll measurements, provide invaluable insights into phytoplankton and primary production across oceanic regions. Through both field research and analysis using two different equations, the effect of an El Niño and La Niña periods on NPP were observed. The data collection was done using temperature, nutrient data, upwelling patterns, wind data and oxygen concentrations. Satellite-derived chlorophyll data, along with in situ measurements, were used to assess primary production levels across different latitudes in the Equatorial Pacific. The findings of this paper demonstrate that while satellite derived NPP estimates generally align with in situ measurements, variations do exist. On average in situ measurements recorded higher values of NPP than remote sensing. NPP levels are influenced by multiple physical, chemical, and biological variables. This study contributes to advancing our understanding of primary production dynamics in the Equatorial Pacific and hopes to test the accuracy of satellite-based observations for ecosystem management and climate research. By using real-time data from remote sensing along with field observations, we can improve our ability to monitor and act upon changes in marine environments and better protect our oceans.