Metallic alloys used in implants

Abstract

Metal alloys made from titanium, zinc, copper, and cobalt-chromium-molybdenum used in medical implants are investigated in helping resolve post-treatment complications such as corrosion, bone resorption, and toxicity due to the body’s response to foreign materials. Multiple tests have been done to measure the limits of their mechanical properties such as corrosion resistance, rates, flexibility, and strength. Mechanical testing and finite element method are used to determine the ideal porosity that maintains titanium’s mechanical strength but lowers its elastic modulus. Zinc-copper alloys underwent electrochemical and cytotoxicity tests to evaluate its corrosion behavior and toxicity. Tribocorrosion resistance of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys were tested under different conditions. Metal implants are significantly improved in terms of strength and compatibility to help resolve implant complications by including special additives, alloying, and carburizing. However, more research must be done on these materials to ensure optimal quality and functionality to continue improving modern transplant operations.