Geographic Access to Behavioral Health Services after Reentry from the Washington State Juvenile Justice System

Abstract

Background: Youth confined in residential juvenile correctional facilities experience a high prevalence of mental health and substance use disorder relative to the general population. Access to behavioral health services after reentry to the community is important for preventing costly recidivism and promoting youth success. Methods: A geographic information system (GIS) was used to compare estimated youth reentry locations to behavioral health facility locations. Youth location data was compiled from Washington State administrative records (n = 950), and facility data was compiled from a state directory (n = 877). Analysis: Availability of behavioral health services was calculated as number of facilities within a 10-mile radius of estimated youth reentry location, and accessibility was calculated as shortest distance from youth to facility. Results: Maps and descriptive summary statistics indicate regions of low access to care for this youth population, particularly in rural regions of the state. Implications: The findings and methodological approach of this study may influence policy and practice in juvenile justice.