Mental Health Utilization and Stigma in First Generation Older Korean American Adults

Abstract

Background. There are numerous barriers to mental health utilization, one of the most widely cited being stigma. Previous literature aggregates different Asian American subgroups into one homogenous group, which does not provide nuanced insight into a specific community’s way of conceptualizing mental illnesses or the interventions needed to shift negative attitudes. Furthermore, older, first generation, Korean American adults are a vulnerable and understudied population. This population experiences significant mental health need, while experiencing many barriers to mental health utilization.1, 2 The purpose of this study is to explore how older, first-generation, Korean American adults conceptualize stigma around mental health and the actions needed to shift the narrative around mental illness. This would result in advancements in mental health research among older Korean Americans. Methods. This study was conducted in the New York Metropolitan area, in partnership with a local community-based organization. A total of 12 individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted in Korean. Transcripts were directly transcribed into English and two members of the research team checked the transcriptions for accuracy in translation. Content analysis was used to identify concepts. Results. From the data, two findings were identified: 1) despite more acceptance towards mental illness, negative perceptions continue to be informed by stereotypes and prejudice, 2) to shift the negative narrative, there is a need for space to dialogue and increase education and awareness surrounding mental health. Conclusion. Negative mental health perceptions may influence openness to mental health utilization in the Korean American community. However, church can be an accessible space for a mental health program, but careful consideration is needed to avoid the focus shifting away from mental health to faith.