Untold Legacies: Exploring the Lives of Pioneering Female Garment Workers in Bangladesh from Industry Inception to their Middle-Aged Retirement and Afterwards

Abstract

The garment industry has been a cornerstone of Bangladesh’s economic growth, employing millions of workers, the majority of whom are women. However, while extensive research has documented the exploitative working conditions within the industry, little attention has been given to the struggles these workers face post-retirement. This study examines the financial, health, and social challenges encountered by retired female garment workers in Bangladesh. Through thematic analysis of narratives from 15 retired workers, the research uncovers systemic issues such as financial insecurity, deteriorating health conditions, lack of institutional support, and societal stigma. Findings reveal that despite decades of labor, many retired workers receive little to no financial compensation, forcing them into poverty. Health deterioration due to years of hazardous working conditions is exacerbated by the lack of affordable healthcare. Additionally, social stigma and isolation further marginalize these women, reflecting broader societal attitudes toward female industrial laborers. The absence of pension schemes, severance benefits, and legal protections leaves them vulnerable and unsupported. This study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive labor reforms, including retirement benefits, healthcare provisions, and social security programs tailored to the needs of garment workers. By addressing these structural deficiencies, policymakers, industry leaders, and labor rights advocates can work toward ensuring a dignified post-retirement life for those who have contributed significantly to Bangladesh’s economic development.