Providers' Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Chatbots to Support Latino Caregivers of Children with Chronic Diseases

Abstract

Introduction: Latino caregivers of children with chronic diseases carry a significant burden taking care of their families, often taking a mental and physical toll on their health. Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots have the potential to provide support to caregivers, potentially decreasing caregiver burden. Yet, there is limited research on how the technology needs to be designed to be culturally appropriate for Latino caregivers of children with chronic diseases. The study objective was to gather providers’ perceptions on AI-enhanced chatbots being used to support Latino caregivers of children with chronic diseases. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with seven providers and one focus group with three providers. The transcripts were coded using inductive and deductive methods. We then conducted a thematic analysis to generate themes regarding providers’ perceptions of integrating AI chatbots into caregiving. Results: Four main themes arose from the analysis. Providers noted that many Latino caregivers face barriers like financial, language, and accessibility barriers to healthcare (Theme 1). Providers reported a disconnect between provider and caregiver communication hindering quality of care (Theme 2). Providers noted the mental and physical burden that caregiving places on caregivers and their families (Theme 3). Providers acknowledged various benefits and drawbacks to the implementation of AI chatbots to support caregivers and voiced their opinions on functionalities the chatbot should have (Theme 4). Discussion: Providers recognized chatbots are a promising tool to support Latino caregivers by decreasing the burdens to healthcare they face, increasing access to informational resources, and lowering the mental load of caregiving. Providers have a unique perspective on the benefits and drawbacks to AI chatbots being incorporated into the lives of Latino caregivers and how the chatbots can be adapted to best fulfill the needs of Latino caregivers. These findings suggest that AI chatbots have the potential to provide integral support to Latino caregivers by acting as a readily available resource to minimize the burden and responsibility of caregiving and potentially improve the health and wellbeing of Latino caregivers.