Human Interaction With Nature and Technological Systems Lab Papers
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://digital.lib.washington.edu/handle/1773/15697
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Item type: Item , Coding Manual for the Hong Kong Study of Child-Nature Interaction Patterns: Dominating and Relational Behaviors(2021-11-11) Lam, Ling-Wai; Weiss, Thea; Kahn, Peter H. Jr.This technical report provides our coding manual – our systematic method to code the qualitative data – for coding the observational data of a study of children playing in a Hong Kong nature program. In this study, we used an Interaction Pattern Approach to model child-nature interaction, and then used the model to test two hypotheses that bear on differential affordances of landscape. Interaction patterns refer to structural characterizations of ontogenetically and phylogenetically meaningful human-nature interaction. Fifty-four children participated in the study. Observational data were collected using a random time sampling methodology to record (in 5-minute segments) videos of children (mean age 4.8 years) during play in nature. This method yielded approximately 37 hours of video data which were formally coded for children’s interaction patterns. In addition, where each interaction occurred, the landscape was coded as either relatively wild or relatively domestic. A total of 708 interactions were coded, and categorized based on 37 distinct interaction patterns, such as gathering forest items and immersing one’s body in water. Based on this modeling, we then tested two hypotheses: (1) that in the more domesticated nature areas, children would engage in more domination interaction patterns (e.g., killing insects, catching wild animals), and (2) in the more wild nature areas, children would engage in more relational interaction patterns (e.g., cohabitating with wild animals, using water to find respite in nature). Both hypotheses were supported statistically. The modeling results extend interaction pattern theory, showing its applicability in a cross-cultural setting.Item type: Item , Coding Manual for the "Robovie, You Need to Go into the Closet Now!" Study(2010-05-20) Kahn, Peter H. Jr; Kanda, Takayuki; Ishiguro, Hiroshi; Ruckert, Jolina H.; Seversen, Rachel L.; Freier, Nathan G.; Gill, Brian T.; Kane, Shaun K.; Klasnja, Predrag; Reichert, Aimee L.As robotic technologies become evermore present in the lives of children, how will children understand and treat robots? Toward addressing this question, 90 children and adolescents (9, 12, & 15 years old) each engaged in a 15- minute social interaction with a humanoid robot, Robovie. Toward the end of the interaction, Robovie was the target of a potential moral violation: an experimenter interrupted Robovie’s turn in a game and, against Robovie’s stated objections, put Robovie into a closet. Following the interaction, each participant was engaged in a 50-minute interview that ascertained their judgments of Robovie as a social and moral other. Briefly, results indicated that the large majority of children engaged in nuanced social behavior with Robovie. In addition, the majority of children reasoned about Robovie as a social other (e.g., that Robovie could be their friend and they would trust Robovie with their secrets), and in some ways as a moral other (e.g., that it was not all right to have put Robovie into the closet). This technical report provides the coding manual used to systematically code each participant’s behavioral interactions with and reasoning about Robovie. By a coding manual we mean a philosophically and empirically grounded means for coding social-cognitive data. Our goal is to present this manual such that, as part of an ongoing iterative scientific process, it can be used and modified by others interested in investigating people’s social and moral relationships with robots.Item type: Item , Coding Manual for “The Watcher and The Watched: Social Judgments about Privacy in a Public Place”(2005-07-13T16:27:29Z) Hagman, Jennifer; Severson, Rachel L.; Friedman, Batya; Kahn, Jr., Peter H.How do people reason about privacy when sophisticated cameras capture people’s images in a public space? Toward answering this question, we interviewed 120 participants in one of four conditions. All conditions involved a HDTV camera on top of a university building that overlooked a public plaza. In one condition, 30 participants were in the office of the university building with a view through a window onto the public plaza. In a second condition, 30 participants were in the same office except that now the window was covered with a large display, and real-time HDTV image of the public plaza was displayed on the large-display “window.” In a third condition, 30 participants were in the original office after it had been closed off with drapes (in effect, an inside office). In a fourth condition, 30 participants were in the public plaza. This technical report provides the coding manual used to code the reasoning of the participants in all conditions, emphasizing the perspectives of “The Watcher” and “The Watched.” By a coding manual we mean a philosophically and empirically grounded means for coding social-cognitive data. The coding manual was developed from half of the interview data, and then applied to the entire interview data set. Our goal is to present this manual such that – as part of an on-going iterative scientific process – it can be used and modified by others interested in investigating people’s conceptions of privacy in public, especially in the context of technologically-mediated interactions.Item type: Item , Coding Manual for "The Distant Gardener: What Conversations in the Telegarden Reveal about Human-Telerobotic Interaction"(2005-06-16T23:49:29Z) Friedman, Batya; Alexander, Irene S.; Kahn, Jr., Peter H.The Telegarden is a small plot of earth encircling an industrial robotic arm. A web-based interface allows users to activate the robotic arm, view the garden through a camera mounted on the robotic arm, change the view, plant a seed, water it, and (if one is a successful gardener) water the resulting plant on an on-going basis. Many thousands of remote users have interacted with the Telegarden in such ways, and communicated to one another through an associated Telegarden chatroom. The Telegarden was developed under the co-direction of Ken Goldberg and Joseph Santarromana, and it represents an emerging form of human-computer interaction - that of telepresence. In a recent study, we investigated the user experience of nature as mediated by this telerobotic installation by analyzing the conversations in 3 months of associated Telegarden chat (16,504 posts). This technical report provides the full coding manual we used to code the chat data. Our goal is to present this manual such that - as part of an on-going iterative scientific process - it can be used and modified by others interested in investigating human-telerobotic interaction.Item type: Item , Creativity Tasks and Coding System -- Used in the Plasma Display Window Study(2005-04-05T01:18:41Z) Severson, Rachel L.; Feldman, Erika N.; Kahn, Jr., Peter H.; Friedman, BatyaFew would disagree about the importance of creativity in human life. At the same time, creativity has proved difficult to measure empirically. In this technical report, we describe three creativity tasks – the Droodle Creativity Task, Modified Droodle Creativity Task, and Unusual Uses Creativity Task – and their corresponding coding systems. The first two are new tasks with novel analyses, the third an existing task with a reconceptualized analysis. All three contribute to the broader literature on conceptualizing and measuring creativity.